A nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results. Which of the following ABG results should the nurse anticipate when caring for a client with acidosis?
pH 7.42, PaCO2 48 mm HG, HCO3 25 mEq/L
pH 7.28, PaCO2 63 mm HG, HCO3 22 mEq/L
pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3 35 mEq/L
pH 7.36; PaCO2 42 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L
The Correct Answer is B
A. This result shows a slightly elevated PaCO2, which could suggest respiratory compensation for a metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, as the pH is within the normal range.
B. This result indicates both a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. The low HCO3 also suggests a metabolic acidosis component, making it the best match for a client with acidosis.
C. The elevated pH indicates alkalosis. The low PaCO2 and high HCO3 further suggest a primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation.
D. These values are within normal limits, indicating neither acidosis nor alkalosis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Chemotherapy is only used for palliation: While chemotherapy can be used for palliative care to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life in advanced cancer, it is also used with curative intent in some cases, especially when cancer is diagnosed early or is responsive to chemotherapy.
B. Chemotherapy cures prostate cancer that has metastasized to the bone: Chemotherapy alone is generally not curative for prostate cancer that has metastasized to the bone. It may help slow disease progression, relieve symptoms, or prolong survival, but it is not typically curative on its own.
C. Chemotherapy is used in conjunction with other treatment modalities in this type of cancer: Chemotherapy is often used in combination with other treatment modalities such as hormone therapy, radiation therapy, or surgery in the management of prostate cancer with bone metastasis. The goal is to target cancer cells using multiple approaches to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient.
D. Chemotherapy makes the body fluid a biohazard: Chemotherapy drugs can be excreted in body fluids such as urine, saliva, and sweat, making them potentially hazardous. However, this statement does not specifically address the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer with bone metastasis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This result shows a slightly elevated PaCO2, which could suggest respiratory compensation for a metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, as the pH is within the normal range.
B. This result indicates both a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. The low HCO3 also suggests a metabolic acidosis component, making it the best match for a client with acidosis.
C. The elevated pH indicates alkalosis. The low PaCO2 and high HCO3 further suggest a primary respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation.
D. These values are within normal limits, indicating neither acidosis nor alkalosis.
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