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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?

A.

Potassium 3.3 mEq/L. hemoglobin 14.1 g/dL, creatinine 0.8 mg/dL

B.

BUN 5 mg/dL, potassium 4.8 mEq/L, creatinine 0.9 mg/dL

C.

Potassium 5.4 mEq/L. hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL, creatinine 4.6 mg/dl.

D.

Potassium 4.5 mEq/L, BUN 18 mg/dL, creatinine 1.1 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.    These values are within normal ranges.
B.    BUN is low, but potassium and creatinine are within normal ranges.
C.    Elevated potassium (hyperkalemia), low hemoglobin (anemia), and elevated creatinine are all classic signs of chronic kidney disease.
D.    BUN and creatinine are slightly elevated, but not to a level indicative of chronic kidney disease. Potassium is within normal range.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Patients with PKD may have issues with kidney function over time, which can affect potassium levels. Typically, a high-potassium diet is not recommended for those with kidney problems because it can exacerbate hyperkalemia.
B. Polycystic kidney disease can lead to progressive loss of kidney function, and many patients eventually require dialysis or a kidney transplant as the disease advances and kidney function declines.

C. There is no general recommendation for a vasectomy solely based on having PKD. While PKD is a genetic condition, and individuals with PKD can pass the condition on to their children, there is no requirement for men with PKD to undergo sterilization.
D. People with PKD are potential candidates for kidney transplantation if their kidney function deteriorates to the point where dialysis is required. PKD itself does not disqualify individuals from receiving a kidney transplant.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Milk is low in purines and is not associated with an increase in uric acid levels or the formation of uric acid stones. In fact, dairy products like milk can be beneficial in a diet for managing kidney stones because they are low in purines and provide calcium, which may help prevent stone formation.

B. Liver is very high in purines. High-purine foods increase the levels of uric acid in the body, which can lead to the formation of uric acid stones in the kidneys. Therefore, clients with recurrent kidney stones due to excessive purine intake should avoid liver and other organ meats.
C. Spinach is considered to have a moderate level of purines. While it is not as high in purines as organ meats, it still contains a notable amount. However, in comparison to foods like liver, it is less of a concern for individuals who need to strictly limit purine intake.
D. Chocolate contains a moderate amount of purines, but it is not as high in purines as organ meats like liver. While it’s not completely free from purines, its purine content is generally lower compared to foods such as liver.

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