A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?

Potassium 3.3 mEq/L. hemoglobin 14.1 g/dL, creatinine 0.8 mg/dL

BUN 5 mg/dL, potassium 4.8 mEq/L, creatinine 0.9 mg/dL

Potassium 5.4 mEq/L. hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL, creatinine 4.6 mg/dl.

Potassium 4.5 mEq/L, BUN 18 mg/dL, creatinine 1.1 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   These values are within normal ranges.
B.   BUN is low, but potassium and creatinine are within normal ranges.
C.   Elevated potassium (hyperkalemia), low hemoglobin (anemia), and elevated creatinine are all classic signs of chronic kidney disease.
D.   BUN and creatinine are slightly elevated, but not to a level indicative of chronic kidney disease. Potassium is within normal range.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia are generally not associated with the diuretic phase of AKI. In the diuretic phase, the primary issue is excessive loss of electrolytes and fluid, rather than their accumulation.
B. Hypokalemia can occur during the diuretic phase because diuretics increase the excretion of potassium along with water. Hypernatremia is not typical of the diuretic phase. Instead, sodium levels might decrease or remain normal due to the loss of fluid and electrolytes.
C. Hyperkalemia is unlikely during the diuretic phase as diuretics often lead to increased potassium loss. Hyponatremia is a more likely outcome during the diuretic phase due to the loss of sodium and fluid through increased urine output.

D. During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is significant loss of electrolytes, including potassium and sodium. Diuretics increase urine output, leading to the loss of potassium and sodium, which can occur as a result of excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

A. Controlled hypertension B. Alcohol abuse 3 years ago C. Refractory cardiovascular disease D. Hepatitis C infection

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Hypertension is a risk factor for kidney disease. However, it can often be managed with medication. Controlled hypertension is not typically a contraindication for a kidney transplant.
B. If the client has maintained sobriety for a significant period, it might not be a contraindication. A history of alcohol abuse would require careful evaluation but doesn't necessarily preclude transplantation.
C. This is a contraindication for kidney transplantation. Severe heart disease can significantly increase the risks associated with surgery and post-transplant care.
D. Hepatitis C can be a challenge but it's not an absolute contraindication. Many transplant centers have protocols for managing hepatitis C-positive recipients.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for four clients. Which of the following clients has manifestations of untreated chronic kidney disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the diuretic phase of acute kidney injury, the nurse understands that the client is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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