A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?

pH 7.25, HCO3- 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg

pH 7.50, HCO3- 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg

pH 7.55, HCO3- 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg

pH 7.30, HCO3- 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

This set of values indicates metabolic acidosis, which is common in chronic kidney disease due to the accumulation of acids in the body as the kidneys fail to eliminate them effectively³.

Choice B reason:

A pH of 7.50 is considered alkalotic, and while HCO3- and PaCO2 are within normal ranges, this set of values does not typically represent chronic kidney disease.

Choice C reason:

A pH of 7.55 is also alkalotic, and an HCO3- of 30 mEq/L indicates metabolic alkalosis, which is not characteristic of chronic kidney disease.

Choice D reason:

While a pH of 7.30 is on the lower end of the normal range, an HCO3- of 26 mEq/L is within the normal range, and a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg indicates respiratory acidosis, not typically seen in chronic kidney disease without concurrent respiratory issues.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:Testing the drainage for the halo sign is the first action the nurse should take, as clear drainage from the nose following a basal skull fracture could indicate a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, which contains glucose.

Choice B reason:Asking the client to blow his nose could potentially increase the risk of infection or worsen a CSF leak and is not recommended as a first action.

Choice C reason:While notifying the physician is important, it should be done after confirming whether the drainage is CSF, which would require immediate medical intervention.

Choice D reason:Suctioning the nostril is not the first action to take, as it could potentially disrupt the site of the leak and is not diagnostic of a CSF leak.

Correct Answer is ["0.2"]

Explanation

- Step 1: Identify the required dose in milligrams (mg). The nurse is scheduled to administer 2 mg of morphine sulfate.

- Step 2: Identify the concentration of the available solution. The available solution contains 10 mg of morphine sulfate per 1 mL.

- Step 3: Calculate the volume of solution needed to deliver the required dose. We can set up a proportion to solve for this:

- 10 mg is to 1 mL as 2 mg is to X mL.

- In other words, 10 mg : 1 mL = 2 mg : X mL.

- Step 4: Solve for X using cross-multiplication and division:

- Cross-multiplication gives us: 10 mg × X mL = 2 mg × 1 mL.

- Simplifying this gives us: 10X = 2.

- Dividing both sides by 10 gives us: X = 2 ÷ 10.

- Calculating the division gives us: X = 0.2.

So, the nurse should administer 0.2 mL of the morphine sulfate solution per dose.

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A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who sustained a basal skull fracture and notes a thin stream of clear drainage coming from the client's right nostril. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer a 2 mg IV bolus of morphine sulfate. Morphine sulfate is available in a concentration of 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["0.2"]

Explanation

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