A nurse is caring for a client during his first hemodialysis treatment. The client reports a headache, nausea, and is agitated. Which of the following complications should the nurse identify these findings as manifestations of?
Disequilibrium syndrome
Septicemia
Air embolism
Peritonitis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Disequilibrium syndrome is characterized by headache, nausea, and agitation, which can occur during or after hemodialysis, especially in the first few sessions as the body adjusts to the treatment².
Choice B reason: Septicemia would typically present with fever, chills, and hypotension, not specifically headache and agitation².
Choice C reason: Air embolism is a rare complication that would present with sudden respiratory distress, chest pain, and possibly hypotension, not just headache and agitation².
Choice D reason: Peritonitis is associated with abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, and possibly altered bowel movements, not the symptoms described².
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A BUN level of 20 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL) and does not indicate an increased risk of AKI.
Choice B reason: Serum Osmolality of 290 mOsm/kg H2O is within the normal range (275-295 mOsm/kg H2O) and does not suggest an increased risk of AKI.
Choice C reason: A Magnesium level of 2.0 mEq/L is within the normal range (1.7-2.2 mEq/L) and does not indicate an increased risk of AKI.
Choice D reason: An elevated serum creatinine level, such as 1.8 mg/dL, indicates decreased kidney function and is a risk factor for AKI, especially post-MI where the kidneys may be vulnerable due to reduced cardiac output and potential nephrotoxic interventions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Weight gain is not typically a direct cause of chronic pancreatitis. While obesity can be a risk factor for developing pancreatitis, it is not considered a primary cause.
Choice B reason: The use of alcohol is the most common cause of chronic pancreatitis. Long-term alcohol misuse can lead to the development of chronic pancreatitis, accounting for about 70% of cases³.
Choice C reason: Abdominal pain that is relieved with food or antacids is more indicative of conditions like peptic ulcers rather than chronic pancreatitis.
Choice D reason:Exposure to occupational chemicals has not been established as a primary cause of chronic pancreatitis. While certain toxins can affect the pancreas, they are not a common cause of chronic pancreatitis.
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