A nurse is reviewing the chart of a client whose arterial blood gas finding reveal metabolic acidosis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following conditions in the client's history increases the risk of metabolic acidosis?
Diabetes mellitus
Myasthenia gravis
Asthma
Cancer
The Correct Answer is A
A. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus, particularly when poorly controlled, can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which is a common cause of metabolic acidosis. In DKA, the body produces excessive acidic ketones due to a lack of insulin, leading to a decrease in blood pH and the development of metabolic acidosis.
B. Myasthenia gravis: Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness, but it does not directly affect the body’s acid-base balance. It is not a condition that leads to metabolic acidosis.
C. Asthma: Asthma can cause respiratory acidosis if there is significant hypoventilation or airway obstruction, but it is not a cause of metabolic acidosis. Asthma mainly affects the respiratory system, leading to a potential for CO2 retention, not metabolic acidosis.
D. Cancer: While cancer can contribute to various metabolic disturbances, it is not a direct cause of metabolic acidosis unless there are complications such as kidney failure, severe infections, or tumor lysis syndrome. Diabetes mellitus is a more common and direct cause of metabolic acidosis
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["100"]
Explanation
Calculation:
Total volume to be infused = 50 mL.
Infusion time in minutes = 30 minutes.
Tubing drop factor = 60 gtt/mL.1
- Calculate the flow rate in drops per minute (gtt/min).
Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Total volume (mL) × Tubing drop factor (gtt/mL)) / Infusion time (min)
= (50 mL × 60 gtt/mL) / 30 min
= 3000 / 30 gtt/min
= 100 gtt/min.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. 5.8 mEq/L: A potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L is still elevated, indicating that the sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) has not been fully effective in lowering the potassium to a normal range.
B. 5.5 mEq/L: While this level is slightly lower than 5.8 mEq/L, it still remains elevated above the normal range. It indicates some reduction in potassium, but it is not yet within the desired range.
C. 6.2 mEq/L: A potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L is critically high and reflects a lack of effectiveness of the Kayexalate treatment. This level is very high suggesting that the medication has not worked.
D. 4.9 mEq/L: A potassium level of 4.9 mEq/L is within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L). This indicates that the sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) has been effective in lowering the potassium to a safe and normal level.
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