A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and documents that the client is experiencing Kussmaul respirations. Based on this documentation, which of the following did the nurse most likely observe?
respirations that are labored, and decreased in depth and rate
respirations that are abnormally deep, regular and increased in rate
respirations that are regular but abnormally slow
respirations that cease for several seconds
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Labored and decreased respirations do not describe Kussmaul breathing.
B. Kussmaul respirations are characterized by deep, rapid, and regular breathing as the body attempts to blow off CO₂ to compensate for metabolic acidosis in DKA.
C. Slow respirations are not characteristic of Kussmaul breathing.
D. Respirations that cease are apnea, unrelated to Kussmaul respirations.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Pneumonia typically causes respiratory acidosis due to impaired gas exchange and CO₂ retention.
B. Brain injuries can affect respiratory patterns, but they are not the most common or direct cause of respiratory alkalosis.
C. Anxiety often leads to hyperventilation, which causes excessive loss of CO₂, resulting in respiratory alkalosis.
D. Emphysema is associated with CO₂ retention, leading to respiratory acidosis, not alkalosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Urinary catheters drain urine but do not typically cause significant electrolyte loss leading to hypokalemia.
B. Chest tubes remove air, blood, or fluid from the pleural space but do not significantly affect potassium levels.
C. NG (nasogastric) tubes to suction can lead to hypokalemia because they remove gastric contents, which include potassium and other electrolytes. Prolonged suctioning can cause significant electrolyte imbalances.
D. Nephrostomy tubes drain urine directly from the kidney and do not typically lead to potassium depletion unless there is a high-output or concurrent renal dysfunction.
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