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A nurse is reviewing the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following symptoms must be present for a client to be diagnosed with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)

Impaired interpersonal relationships

Inability to initiate activities

Disorganized behavior

Antisocial personality

Hallucinations

Lack of emotional expression

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E,F

Choice A reason:

Impaired interpersonal relationships can be a consequence of schizophrenia, but it is not a specific diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria focus on more direct symptoms of the disorder.

Choice B reason:

Inability to initiate activities may be related to negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as avolition, but it is not explicitly listed as a diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5. The criteria include more specific symptoms like disorganized behavior and hallucinations.

Choice C reason:

Disorganized behavior is one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia according to the DSM-5. It includes behaviors that are inappropriate or not goal-directed, reflecting a disruption in normal functioning.

Choice D reason:

Antisocial personality is a separate diagnosis and not a criterion for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder are distinct conditions with different diagnostic criteria.

Choice E reason:

Hallucinations are a key symptom of schizophrenia. They involve perceiving things that are not present, such as hearing voices or seeing things that others do not see. Hallucinations are one of the primary positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Choice F reason:

Lack of emotional expression, also known as affective flattening, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia. It involves a reduced ability to express emotions and is a significant criterion in the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:
This statement is supportive and realistic. It acknowledges that while complete symptom elimination may not be possible, adherence to the treatment plan can still significantly improve the client’s quality of life. It encourages the client to continue with their treatment in a positive and hopeful manner.

Choice B reason:
This statement is confrontational and may make the client feel defensive. It does not provide support or encouragement and may hinder the therapeutic relationship.

Choice C reason:
This statement is misleading and dismissive. The medical model does not guarantee the elimination of all symptoms, and suggesting the client see another doctor may undermine their confidence in the current treatment plan.

Choice D reason:
This statement is negative and may discourage the client. It implies that the client will not improve and suggests a drastic change without offering hope or support for their current treatment plan.

A. A teenager who refuses to participate in the planned therapy B. A 24-year-old client who refuses to take the prescribed medication C. A 45-year-old client who is homeless and has been diagnosed with a mental disorder D. An elderly client who is confused, screaming obscenities in the street, and disturbing neighbors

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A teenager who refuses to participate in the planned therapy does not necessarily meet the criteria for involuntary commitment. Refusal to participate in therapy can be addressed through other means, such as motivational interviewing or adjusting the treatment plan to better engage the client.

Choice B reason:

A 24-year-old client who refuses to take the prescribed medication also does not automatically qualify for involuntary commitment. Non-compliance with medication can be managed through education, support, and exploring the reasons behind the refusal. Involuntary commitment is typically reserved for situations where the client poses a danger to themselves or others.

Choice C reason:

A 45-year-old client who is homeless and has been diagnosed with a mental disorder may need support and resources, but homelessness and a mental health diagnosis alone do not justify involuntary commitment. The focus should be on providing housing and mental health services rather than involuntary hospitalization.

Choice D reason:

An elderly client who is confused, screaming obscenities in the street, and disturbing neighbors is exhibiting behavior that may pose a risk to themselves or others. This situation suggests a level of acute distress or potential danger that could warrant involuntary commitment to ensure the client’s safety and provide necessary treatment.

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A nurse is reviewing the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following symptoms must be present for a client to be diagnosed with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is discussing quality of life with a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which client would a nurse determine to be the most likely candidate for involuntary commitment?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working on an inpatient unit that uses a privilege system. The nurse understands that this intervention integrates which group of theories?

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