A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Mild hematuria

Hyponatremia

Absent urine protein

Decreased blood potassium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Mild hematuria. One of the hallmark signs of glomerulonephritis is hematuria (presence of blood in the urine). Mild hematuria is common and is often associated with glomerular injury, which allows red blood cells to pass through the glomerular filtration barrier.

B. Hyponatremia. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. However, in severe cases of kidney dysfunction, fluid retention can lead to dilutional hyponatremia, but it is not a primary finding in glomerulonephritis.

C. Absent urine protein. Proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine) is a common finding in glomerulonephritis due to damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. It is typically present, though the amount may vary.

D. Decreased blood potassium. Hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) is more commonly seen in acute kidney injury and glomerulonephritis due to decreased kidney function. Decreased potassium levels are not typical in this condition.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The blood pressure medicine I'm taking will help to keep my insulin level low." This is incorrect. Blood pressure medications do not regulate insulin levels.
B. "I will increase my food intake before I exercise." Exercise can lower blood glucose levels, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Eating a snack before exercise helps prevent this.
C. "As long as I take my insulin, I can eat whatever I want." Proper dietary management is essential in diabetes to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
D. "As I get older, my sugar levels will automatically decrease." Blood glucose levels require active management and do not decrease automatically with age.

A. "You should consider finding other hobbies to participate in instead of sports." B. "You shouldn't feel frustrated, because you can find other options for exercise." C. "You will be able to exercise if you use your peak expiratory flow meter twice per day." D. "You can participate in sports if you use your rescue inhaler before practice or games."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "You should consider finding other hobbies to participate in instead of sports." Avoiding sports altogether is not necessary for children with asthma. Many children with well-managed asthma can safely participate in sports with proper precautions.

B. "You shouldn't feel frustrated, because you can find other options for exercise." This response dismisses the child's feelings instead of acknowledging them and providing a solution.

C. "You will be able to exercise if you use your peak expiratory flow meter twice per day." While monitoring peak expiratory flow (PEF) is important for asthma management, it does not directly enable participation in sports.

D. "You can participate in sports if you use your rescue inhaler before practice or games." Using a short-acting bronchodilator (such as albuterol) before exercise is a common strategy to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, allowing children with asthma to safely participate in sports.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

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