A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Mild hematuria
Hyponatremia
Absent urine protein
Decreased blood potassium
The Correct Answer is A
A. Mild hematuria. One of the hallmark signs of glomerulonephritis is hematuria (presence of blood in the urine). Mild hematuria is common and is often associated with glomerular injury, which allows red blood cells to pass through the glomerular filtration barrier.
B. Hyponatremia. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. However, in severe cases of kidney dysfunction, fluid retention can lead to dilutional hyponatremia, but it is not a primary finding in glomerulonephritis.
C. Absent urine protein. Proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine) is a common finding in glomerulonephritis due to damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. It is typically present, though the amount may vary.
D. Decreased blood potassium. Hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) is more commonly seen in acute kidney injury and glomerulonephritis due to decreased kidney function. Decreased potassium levels are not typical in this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Monitor blood pressure every 4 hr." Acute glomerulonephritis can cause hypertension due to fluid retention and impaired kidney function. Regular monitoring is essential to detect and manage hypertension early.
B. "Increase fluid consumption." Fluid intake is often restricted to prevent fluid overload, especially if there is hypertension, edema, or decreased urine output.
C. "Implement a protein-restricted diet." A protein-restricted diet is not necessary unless the child has severe renal impairment. In most cases, moderate protein intake is recommended.
D. "Collect and strain all urine for sediment." While hematuria (blood in urine) is common in acute glomerulonephritis, straining urine for sediment is not a standard intervention for this condition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Apply firm pressure to the wound base while removing the gauze dressing." Applying firm pressure can cause pain and damage the wound bed, delaying healing and increasing the risk of bleeding.
B. "Irrigate the wound with half-strength hydrogen peroxide while removing the gauze dressing." Hydrogen peroxide can damage healthy tissue and delay wound healing. It is not recommended for routine wound care.
C. "Continue to remove the gauze dressing by pulling it parallel to the skin." Removing a dry gauze dressing without moistening it can cause trauma to the wound bed, increasing pain and impeding healing.
D. "Saturate the gauze dressing with sterile saline solution prior to removing it." Moistening the dressing with sterile saline reduces trauma to the wound, prevents tissue damage, and minimizes pain. This method is preferred for atraumatic dressing removal.
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