A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which condition is a significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease?

Asthma

Osteoarthritis

Hypothyroidism

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because asthma is not directly associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis or peripheral vascular disease. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways, not the blood vessels.

B) This choice is incorrect because osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and is not directly linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis or peripheral vascular disease.

C) This choice is incorrect because while hypothyroidism can impact cardiovascular health, it is not a primary risk factor for atherosclerosis or peripheral vascular disease. Hypothyroidism can lead to elevated cholesterol levels, but hypercholesterolemia is the specific condition related to increased cholesterol levels and atherosclerosis.

D) This choice is correct. Hypercholesterolemia, characterized by high levels of cholesterol in the blood, is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the arterial walls. Atherosclerosis is a common cause of peripheral vascular disease, leading to reduced blood flow to the extremities and various cardiovascular complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because increased blood viscosity (thickness) is not primarily associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as polycythemia or dehydration.

B) This choice is incorrect because hypercoagulability of the blood is not a direct risk factor associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. Hypercoagulability is more commonly associated with conditions such as certain clotting disorders.

C) This choice is incorrect because impaired cardiac function is not a direct risk factor for the development of PAD in the context of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. However, impaired cardiac function can contribute to heart-related peripheral vascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure.

D) This choice is correct. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are significant risk factors for the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque, including cholesterol and other substances, on the arterial walls, leading to narrowed and hardened arteries, reducing blood flow to the extremities and contributing to PAD.

A. Use heating pads to warm cold feet. B. Avoid moisturizing the skin to prevent infections. C. Inspect the feet daily for any changes. D. Elevate the legs above heart level for extended periods.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because using heating pads to warm cold feet can cause burns or injuries, especially in clients with impaired sensation due to peripheral vascular disease. Clients with PAD may experience cold feet due to reduced blood flow, but external heating sources should be used with caution.

B) This choice is incorrect because moisturizing the skin is essential for individuals with peripheral vascular disease to prevent dryness and cracking, which can lead to skin breakdown and infections. Proper skin care is important to maintain skin integrity and prevent complications.

C) This choice is correct. Clients with peripheral vascular disease should inspect their feet daily for any changes, such as cuts, sores, blisters, or signs of infection. Reduced blood flow can slow down wound healing, and prompt identification and treatment of foot problems are crucial to prevent infections and potential complications.

D) This choice is incorrect because while elevating the legs above heart level can temporarily improve blood flow and reduce swelling, prolonged elevation can impede blood flow and is not recommended for extended periods. Clients with PAD should be encouraged to perform regular, moderate physical activity to improve blood circulation.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which condition is a significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about skin care. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Which non-invasive test can the nurse use to assess blood flow in the legs and detect blockages?

A nurse is preparing a client for a non-invasive test to assess blood flow and blood pressure in the legs. The nurse informs the client that this test is called:

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet. The nurse should suspect:

A nurse is providing education to a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) about self-care strategies. What should the nurse recommend to the client to promote venous return?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is experiencing intermittent claudication and reports difficulty walking. What should the nurse encourage the client to do to improve exercise tolerance?

A nurse is providing education to a client about peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that these diseases primarily affect which body system?

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) about lifestyle modifications. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?