A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol, a medication that improves blood flow in the legs. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Increase the dosage if experiencing leg pain.

Take the medication on an empty stomach.

Avoid grapefruit juice while on cilostazol.

Use compression stockings to promote blood flow.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

For a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who is prescribed cilostazol, the nurse should provide the following instruction:

C) Avoid grapefruit juice while on cilostazol.

Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications, including cilostazol, and may lead to increased levels of the medication in the bloodstream. This can potentially cause adverse effects or interfere with the intended therapeutic effects of cilostazol. Therefore, clients taking cilostazol should be advised to avoid grapefruit juice.

The other options are not appropriate:

A) Increasing the dosage of cilostazol without consulting a healthcare provider is not recommended and can be dangerous.

B) Cilostazol can be taken with or without food, so taking it on an empty stomach is not necessary.

D) While compression stockings can be used for some individuals with PAD, their use should be discussed with the healthcare provider and is not specific to cilostazol instructions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because increased blood viscosity (thickness) is not primarily associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as polycythemia or dehydration.

B) This choice is incorrect because hypercoagulability of the blood is not a direct risk factor associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. Hypercoagulability is more commonly associated with conditions such as certain clotting disorders.

C) This choice is incorrect because impaired cardiac function is not a direct risk factor for the development of PAD in the context of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. However, impaired cardiac function can contribute to heart-related peripheral vascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure.

D) This choice is correct. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are significant risk factors for the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque, including cholesterol and other substances, on the arterial walls, leading to narrowed and hardened arteries, reducing blood flow to the extremities and contributing to PAD.

A. The procedure is performed using a small incision in the leg. B. It is essential to keep the leg immobile after the procedure. C. The procedure uses sound waves to visualize blood flow. D. There is a risk of allergic reaction to contrast dye.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because arteriography is an invasive procedure that involves the insertion of a catheter through a blood vessel, typically in the groin or arm, to inject contrast dye directly into the arteries. It is not performed using a small incision in the leg.

B) This choice is incorrect because keeping the leg immobile after an arteriography is not necessary. However, the client will be asked to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few hours following the procedure.

C) This choice is incorrect because the procedure that uses sound waves to visualize blood flow is a Doppler ultrasound, not an arteriography. Arteriography involves the use of contrast dye and X-rays to visualize the arterial blood vessels.

D) This choice is correct. Arteriography requires the use of contrast dye to enhance the visualization of blood vessels during X-ray imaging. There is a risk of an allergic reaction to the contrast dye, and clients should be informed about this potential complication before the procedure. Precautions may be taken, and the client's medical history should be reviewed to identify any contraindications to the use of contrast dye.

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A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol, a medication that improves blood flow in the legs. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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