A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client diagnosed with depression and notes that the client has been prescribed bupropion (Wellbutrin). The client asks, "What kind of medication is this anyway?" The nurse would inform the client this agent is a:

Atypical antidepressant.

Tricyclic antidepressant.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant, inhibiting dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, enhancing prefrontal cortex and reward system activity. Unlike SSRIs or MAOIs, it minimally affects serotonin, targeting catecholamines to improve mood and energy, aligning with its unique mechanism in treating depression.

Choice B reason: Tricyclic antidepressants block serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and have anticholinergic effects, unlike bupropion, which targets dopamine and norepinephrine without significant anticholinergic activity. This distinct pharmacological profile excludes bupropion from the tricyclic class, making this choice incorrect.

Choice C reason: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors like fluoxetine target serotonin exclusively, increasing 5-HT levels. Bupropion primarily inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, with minimal serotonin effects, making it an atypical antidepressant, not an SSRI, due to its distinct neurochemical action.

Choice D reason: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors like phenelzine prevent monoamine breakdown, increasing serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Bupropion’s selective reuptake inhibition of dopamine and norepinephrine, without MAO inhibition, distinguishes it as an atypical antidepressant, not an MAOI, due to its specific mechanism.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Pseudoparkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia are side effects of antipsychotics, not TCAs, due to dopamine blockade in the basal ganglia. TCAs primarily affect serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, causing anticholinergic and cardiovascular effects, not extrapyramidal symptoms.

Choice B reason: Diarrhea and electrolyte imbalance are not common TCA side effects. TCAs’ anticholinergic properties cause constipation, not diarrhea, and do not significantly disrupt electrolyte balance. Their primary effects involve serotonin and norepinephrine modulation, leading to other systemic effects.

Choice C reason: TCAs like amitriptyline cause orthostatic hypotension via alpha-1 adrenergic blockade and urinary retention due to anticholinergic effects on bladder muscles. These result from altered autonomic signaling, impacting cardiovascular and urinary systems, making them critical side effects to monitor in older adults.

Choice D reason: Photosensitivity and skin rashes are rare with TCAs. Their primary side effects stem from anticholinergic and adrenergic blockade, affecting cardiovascular and urinary function, not dermatological reactions, which are more common with other drug classes like antipsychotics.

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

Step 1: Identify the required dose and concentration.
Required dose = 320 mg
Concentration = 160 mg per 5 mL
Result at step 1 = 320 mg ÷ (160 mg ÷ 5 mL)

Step 2: Calculate the volume in milliliters.
First, determine the milligrams per mL:
160 mg ÷ 5 mL = 32 mg/mL
Result at step 2a = 32 mg/mL
Now, calculate the volume:
320 mg ÷ 32 mg/mL = 10 mL
Result at step 2b = 10 mL

Step 3: Round to the nearest whole number.
10 mL is already a whole number.
Result at step 3 = 10 mL

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client diagnosed with depression and notes that the client has been prescribed bupropion (Wellbutrin). The client asks, "What kind of medication is this anyway?" The nurse would inform the client this agent is a:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A depressed older adult client is being treated with a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Which side effects are important to assess for?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 320 mg PO every four hours as needed for pain. The amount available from the pharmacy is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

Correct Answer is ["10"]

Explanation

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