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A nurse is reviewing the potential complications associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as possible complications of PUD?
(Select All that Apply.)

Irritable bowel syndrome

Diverticulitis

Gastrointestinal bleeding

Chronic pancreatitis

Celiac disease

Perforation of the stomach or duodenum

Gastric outlet obstruction

Appendicitis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,F,G

A.   Irritable bowel syndrome is not a complication of PUD, as they are different gastrointestinal disorders.
B.   Diverticulitis is unrelated to PUD and involves inflammation of the diverticula in the colon.
C.   Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common and serious complication of PUD, occurring due to ulceration of the stomach or duodenum lining.
D.   Chronic pancreatitis is not a typical complication of PUD, but it involves inflammation of the pancreas, not the stomach or duodenum.
E.   Celiac disease is unrelated to PUD and involves an autoimmune reaction to gluten in the small intestine.
F.   Perforation of the stomach or duodenum is a severe complication of PUD, leading to a life-threatening condition with leakage of stomach contents into the abdominal cavity.
G.   Gastric outlet obstruction occurs when an ulcer causes scarring and narrowing of the pyloric canal, impeding gastric emptying.
H.   Appendicitis is unrelated to PUD, as it involves inflammation of the appendix, not the stomach or duodenum.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Airway obstruction in asthma is not caused by thinning mucus. It is primarily due to bronchospasm, inflammation, and thickening of the mucus.
B. Decreased mucus production does not contribute to airway constriction in asthma. In fact, excessive mucus production is a key feature of asthma, leading to obstruction of the airways.
C. Bronchospasm in asthma involves inflammation, edema, and excess mucus production. These factors cause narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing.
D. Inflammation leads to airway narrowing, but it does not reduce the airway diameter in the sense of preventing bronchospasm. Bronchospasm occurs as a result of inflammation and muscle contraction.

A. Troponin level B. Myelogram C. Lumbar puncture D. Brain natriuretic peptide

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A troponin level is used to diagnose cardiac injury, not multiple sclerosis. It does not help in confirming MS.
B. A myelogram is a diagnostic test for spinal cord disorders, but it is not typically used to diagnose multiple sclerosis.
C. A lumbar puncture is commonly performed to help diagnose multiple sclerosis. It can show abnormalities such as oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid, which is suggestive of MS.
D. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a marker for heart failure and is unrelated to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

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A nurse is reviewing the potential complications associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as possible complications of PUD? (Select All that Apply.)

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A nurse is reviewing the potential complications associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as possible complications of PUD?
(Select All that Apply.)