A nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

The CNS processes sensory information from the body.

The CNS generates motor commands to control movement.

The CNS regulates cognitive and emotional functions.

The CNS connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

This is a correct statement, as the CNS receives sensory information from various receptors in the body and interprets it.

Choice B reason:

This is a correct statement, as the CNS initiates and coordinates motor commands to control voluntary and involuntary movements.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct statement, as the CNS is involved in higher cognitive functions such as memory, learning, reasoning, and emotions.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect statement, as this is the function of the PNS. The PNS consists of cranial and spinal nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body and transmit sensory and motor signals.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is a correct answer, as bladder control is regulated by nerves that originate from the sacral region of the spinal cord, which is below T6.

Choice B reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as respiratory rate is regulated by nerves that originate from the cervical and thoracic regions of the spinal cord, which are above T6.

Choice C reason:

This is a correct answer, as heart rate is regulated by nerves that originate from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, which are below T6.

Choice D reason:

This is an incorrect answer, as arm movement is regulated by nerves that originate from the cervical region of the spinal cord, which is above T6.

Choice E reason:

This is a correct answer, as leg movement is regulated by nerves that originate from the lumbar and sacral regions of the spinal cord, which are below T6.

A. Decreased sensation in the feet and lower legs. B. Increased muscle tone and reflexes in the upper limbs. C. Decreased pain perception in the hands and fingers. D. Increased sweating and flushing in the face and neck.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is the correct answer because peripheral neuropathy affects the sensory nerves, which can cause loss of sensation, especially in the distal parts of the body. Diabetes mellitus is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy does not affect the motor nerves, which control muscle tone and reflexes. Increased muscle tone and reflexes in the upper limbs are more likely to indicate a central nervous system disorder, such as a stroke or spinal cord injury.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy can cause decreased pain perception in any part of the body, not just the hands and fingers. However, this is not a specific finding for peripheral neuropathy, as other conditions can also impair pain perception, such as spinal cord injury or opioid use.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy does not affect the autonomic nerves, which control sweating and flushing. Increased sweating and flushing in the face and neck are more likely to indicate a sympathetic nervous system disorder, such as pheochromocytoma or carcinoid syndrome.

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A nurse is teaching a client about the functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has a spinal cord injury at the level of T6. Which of the following functions are likely to be affected by this injury? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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