A nurse is teaching a client at 24 weeks of gestation about special considerations of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Which of the following statements by the client indicates that the teaching was effective? (Select all that apply)

Choice A rationale

Multiple gestation increases pregnancy risks but is not directly linked to cervical insufficiency, which involves premature cervical dilation leading to preterm birth or loss without uterine contractions.

Choice B rationale

Advanced maternal age presents various pregnancy risks, including chromosomal abnormalities and hypertension, but is not a primary risk factor for cervical insufficiency, which involves cervical structural issues.

Choice C rationale

A history of preterm labor involves previous early deliveries but does not specifically indicate cervical insufficiency, which is characterized by painless cervical dilation and effacement in the second trimester.

Choice D rationale

Cervical surgery, such as conization or LEEP, can weaken the cervical structure, increasing the risk of cervical insufficiency by reducing the cervix’s ability to remain closed during pregnancy.

Choice A rationale

While jaundice is common, jaundice at 24 hours old is not typical and may indicate a serious underlying condition.

Choice B rationale

Jaundice within the first 24 hours suggests possible hemolysis or infection, both of which require immediate medical attention.

Choice C rationale

Although an immature liver can cause jaundice, jaundice appearing within 24 hours warrants further investigation for pathological causes.

Choice D rationale

Normal physiological jaundice usually appears after 24 hours, peaking around days 3 to 5 of life.