A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will enjoy eating cantaloupe for my morning snack."
"I can easily add baked potatoes to my diet."
"Eating yogurt will be a new experience."
"Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: Cantaloupe is high in potassium. Clients with acute kidney injury (AKI) have impaired potassium excretion, and consuming high-potassium foods increases the risk of hyperkalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
Choice B rationale: Baked potatoes contain significant potassium, especially in the skin. In AKI, potassium retention is dangerous, so this choice reflects poor understanding of dietary restrictions for renal safety.
Choice C rationale: Yogurt is rich in potassium and phosphorus. In AKI, both electrolytes may accumulate due to reduced renal clearance, making yogurt an inappropriate choice without close monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pecans are low in potassium, making them a safer snack for clients with AKI. Choosing low-potassium foods demonstrates appropriate understanding of renal dietary management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: As CKD progresses, the kidneys' ability to filter blood decreases, leading to an increase in urine albumin, a sign of kidney damage.
Choice B reason: GFR would decrease, not increase, as CKD progresses because the kidneys' filtering capacity diminishes.
Choice C reason: Creatinine levels would increase, not decrease, as kidney function worsens in CKD.
Choice D reason: Proteinuria would increase, not decrease, as CKD progresses due to the kidneys' impaired filtering
ability
.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: In acute kidney injury (AKI), the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is expected to be elevated due to the kidneys' impaired ability to excrete urea, which is a waste product of protein metabolism. Normal BUN levels range from approximately 7 to 20 mg/dL.
Choice B reason: Hypercalcemia is not commonly associated with AKI. Instead, patients with AKI may experience hypocalcemia due to the kidneys' reduced ability to convert vitamin D to its active form, which is necessary for calcium absorption.
Choice C reason: Metabolic alkalosis is not a typical finding in AKI. More commonly, patients with AKI experience metabolic acidosis because the kidneys are unable to excrete acid effectively, leading to an accumulation of acid in the body.
Choice D reason: Hypokalemia is generally not expected in AKI. The condition is more often associated with hyperkalemia, as the impaired kidney function leads to a reduced excretion of potassium, which can accumulate to dangerous levels.
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