A nurse is teaching a client who has stage IV pancreatic cancer about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage.”.

"DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen.”.

"DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency.”.

"DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
DIC is not controllable with lifelong heparin usage. Heparin may be used to manage DIC, but it is not a permanent solution, and the underlying cause of DIC must be addressed.
Choice B rationale
DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen. It is characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to both clot formation and bleeding due to consumption of clotting factors and platelets.
Choice C rationale
DIC is not a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition resulting from severe illnesses or injuries that trigger abnormal clotting and bleeding processes.
Choice D rationale
DIC is not characterized by an elevated platelet count. Instead, it involves thrombocytopenia due to the consumption of platelets in widespread clotting, leading to a decreased platelet count.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Metoclopramide does not work by decreasing gastric acid secretions. It is not classified as an antacid or acid suppressant.
Choice B rationale
Metoclopramide does not relieve nausea by slowing peristalsis. In fact, it increases peristalsis, which helps move contents through the gastrointestinal tract more quickly.
Choice C rationale
Metoclopramide does not work by relaxing gastric muscles. Instead, it enhances the tone and motility of the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice D rationale
Metoclopramide relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying. It increases the movement of the stomach and intestines, which helps reduce feelings of nausea and vomiting.

A. Encourage the client to drink cool water or sports drinks. B. Administer acetaminophen 650 mg orally. C. Start an intravenous line and infuse 0.9% saline solution. D. Encourage rest and reassess in 15 minutes.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Encouraging the client to drink cool water or sports drinks is appropriate for mild dehydration or heat exhaustion but not sufficient for severe heat-related illness like heat stroke, where immediate medical intervention is needed.
Choice B rationale
Administering acetaminophen 650 mg orally can help reduce fever, but it does not address the underlying issue of hyperthermia and will not provide immediate cooling needed in this emergency.
Choice C rationale
Starting an intravenous line and infusing 0.9% saline solution helps rapidly replace fluids lost through sweating and can stabilize the client's condition by rehydrating and cooling them effectively.
Choice D rationale
Encouraging rest and reassessing in 15 minutes would delay necessary medical treatment in a situation where immediate action is critical due to the severity of the client's symptoms.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has stage IV pancreatic cancer about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and a prescription for metoclopramide intermittent IV bolus every 4 hours as needed. The client asks the nurse how metoclopramide will relieve her nausea. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

On a hot humid day, a nurse is caring for a client who is confused and presents with these vital signs: temperature 104.1°F (40.1°C), pulse 132 beats/min, respirations 26 breaths/min, and blood pressure 106/66 mmHg. What action would the nurse take to provide immediate appropriate care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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