A nurse is teaching a client who has stage IV pancreatic cancer about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"DIC is controllable with lifelong heparin usage.”.
"DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen.”.
"DIC is a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency.”.
"DIC is characterized by an elevated platelet count.”.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
DIC is not controllable with lifelong heparin usage. Heparin may be used to manage DIC, but it is not a permanent solution, and the underlying cause of DIC must be addressed.
Choice B rationale
DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen. It is characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade, leading to both clot formation and bleeding due to consumption of clotting factors and platelets.
Choice C rationale
DIC is not a genetic disorder involving a vitamin K deficiency. It is an acquired condition resulting from severe illnesses or injuries that trigger abnormal clotting and bleeding processes.
Choice D rationale
DIC is not characterized by an elevated platelet count. Instead, it involves thrombocytopenia due to the consumption of platelets in widespread clotting, leading to a decreased platelet count.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Replacing the water in flower vases daily does not prevent infection for a client with neutropenia, as bacteria can still accumulate.
Choice B rationale
Humidifying the client’s room can increase the risk of mold growth, which is harmful to immunocompromised clients.
Choice C rationale
Serving cooked fruit minimizes the risk of infections from bacteria and fungi present on raw fruits, which is crucial for clients with low WBC counts.
Choice D rationale
Cleaning dentures in a denture cup does not significantly reduce infection risks for immunocompromised clients; proper mouth hygiene is essential but this practice alone is insufficient.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Dark stools are not a common side effect of chemotherapy; this symptom typically indicates gastrointestinal bleeding or iron supplements.
Choice B rationale
Flossing 4 times daily can cause gum irritation and bleeding, increasing the risk of infection in immunocompromised clients.
Choice C rationale
Administering an antiemetic before chemotherapy helps to prevent nausea and vomiting, improving the client's comfort and compliance with treatment.
Choice D rationale
Swishing with commercial mouthwash can irritate the mucous membranes; instead, using a gentle saline rinse is recommended.
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