A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply).

Bone pain

Slurred speech

Hypotension

Pruritus

Bradypnea.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A.   Bone pain can occur in ESRD due to mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease.
B.   Slurred speech can be seen in ESRD patients with uremic encephalopathy.
C.   Hypotension is less common in ESRD; hypertension is more typical due to fluid overload and retention.
D.   Pruritus is a common symptom of ESRD, often due to accumulation of uremic toxins.
E.   Bradypnea is not typically associated with ESRD.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Having the client place their head between their knees is a measure used to alleviate symptoms associated with hyperventilation but does not directly address the underlying respiratory alkalosis.
B. Having the client breathe into a paper bag helps retain carbon dioxide, which can help reverse respiratory alkalosis by increasing PaCO2 levels and subsequently decreasing pH.
C. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen alkalosis by further increasing the pH and bicarbonate levels.
D. Administering insulin is not indicated for respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilation.

A. A client who has muscle hypertrophy. B. Moon face C. A client who has a butterfly rash on his face. D. A client who has a positive Chvostek's sign.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Muscle hypertrophy is not a typical manifestation of hypercortisolism; rather, muscle weakness and wasting may occur.
B. Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
C. A butterfly rash on the face is not specific to hypercortisolism; it may suggest other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
D. Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercortisolism.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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