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A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply).

A.

Bone pain

B.

Slurred speech

C.

Hypotension

D.

Pruritus

E.

Bradypnea.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A.    Bone pain can occur in ESRD due to mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease.
B.    Slurred speech can be seen in ESRD patients with uremic encephalopathy.
C.    Hypotension is less common in ESRD; hypertension is more typical due to fluid overload and retention.
D.    Pruritus is a common symptom of ESRD, often due to accumulation of uremic toxins.
E.    Bradypnea is not typically associated with ESRD.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis typically presents with cool, clammy skin due to compensatory peripheral vasoconstriction.
B. Peripheral pulses may be weak or thready in respiratory acidosis due to decreased cardiac output.
C. Respiratory acidosis can lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyperkalemia, which can manifest as widened QRS complexes on an electrocardiogram (ECG).
D. Respiratory acidosis can lead to hyperkalemia, but hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are not a characteristic finding.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyponatremia is characterized by low sodium levels in the blood and is not typically associated with crackles in the lungs or elevated blood pressure.
B. While hyperkalemia is a concern in end-stage kidney disease, it is not typically associated with crackles in the lungs or elevated blood pressure.
C. Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, is not consistent with the client's reported symptoms of swelling in the lower extremities and crackles in the lungs.
D. Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, is common in end-stage kidney disease and can manifest with symptoms such as shortness of breath, lower extremity edema, crackles in the lungs (due to pulmonary congestion), and elevated blood pressure.

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