A nurse is teaching a client who reports taking gingko biloba to improve his memory. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?
Bleeding gums
Decreased alertness
Breast enlargement
Bad breath
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Bleeding gums is a possible adverse effect of taking gingko biloba, as it may increase the risk of bleeding by inhibiting platelet aggregation and interfering with clotting factors. Gingko biloba may also interact with other medications that affect bleeding, such as anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or NSAIDs. The nurse should advise the client to monitor for signs of bleeding, such as bruising, nosebleeds, or hematuria, and report them to the provider.
Choice B reason: Decreased alertness is not a likely adverse effect of taking gingko biloba, as it may have the opposite effect of enhancing cognitive function and memory. Gingko biloba may improve blood flow to the brain and protect against oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The nurse should inform the client that gingko biloba may take several weeks to show its benefits and that the evidence for its effectiveness is inconclusive.
Choice C reason: Breast enlargement is not a known adverse effect of taking gingko biloba, as it does not affect the hormonal levels or the breast tissue. Gingko biloba may have some estrogenic activity, but it is not significant enough to cause gynecomastia or breast tenderness. The nurse should assess the client for other possible causes of breast enlargement, such as medications, liver disease, or tumors.
Choice D reason: Bad breath is not a common adverse effect of taking gingko biloba, as it does not affect the oral hygiene or the digestive system. Gingko biloba may have a mild odor, but it is not unpleasant or persistent. The nurse should advise the client to maintain good oral care and to check for other possible causes of bad breath, such as infections, dental problems, or dietary factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Naloxone is not the correct medication. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioid overdose, such as respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Naloxone has no effect on magnesium sulfate, which is a mineral and electrolyte that is used to prevent seizures in clients with preeclampsia or eclampsia.
Choice B reason: Protamine is not the correct medication. Protamine is a heparin antagonist that reverses the effects of heparin overdose, such as bleeding, bruising, and thrombocytopenia. Protamine has no effect on magnesium sulfate, which is not an anticoagulant.
Choice C reason: Calcium gluconate is the correct medication. Calcium gluconate is a calcium salt that antagonizes the effects of magnesium sulfate overdose, such as hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression, and muscle weakness. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity, which can occur when the serum magnesium level is above 7.5 mEq/L. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, deep tendon reflexes, and urine output, and report any signs of toxicity to the provider.
Choice D reason: Flumazenil is not the correct medication. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist that reverses the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, such as drowsiness, confusion, and coma. Flumazenil has no effect on magnesium sulfate, which is not a sedative.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is: D. Apply heat to the knee.
Choice A reason:
Administering low dose aspirin is not appropriate for clients with hemophilia A because aspirin can inhibit platelet function and increase the risk of bleeding. Hemophilia A patients already have a deficiency in clotting factor VIII, and adding aspirin can exacerbate bleeding tendencies.
Choice B reason:
Preparing for an autologous blood transfusion is not a standard treatment for hemarthrosis in hemophilia A. The primary treatment involves factor replacement therapy to address the underlying clotting deficiency. Blood transfusions are generally reserved for severe cases of anemia or significant blood loss.
Choice C reason:
This action is appropriate to assess for gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a concern in clients with hemophilia due to the risk of spontaneous bleeding. Monitoring for signs of internal bleeding is crucial.
Choice D reason:
Heat application is generally avoided in acute bleeding episodes, as it can increase blood flow and potentially worsen bleeding. Ice is preferred to reduce swelling and pain.
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