A nurse is teaching a client with a new prescription for metformin (Glucophage). Which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to report as an adverse effect of metformin? (Select All That Apply.)
Hypoglycemia
Somnolence
Fluid retention
Hyperglycemia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia because it works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity, not directly lowering blood sugar levels.
B. Somnolence could indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but serious adverse effect of metformin that warrants immediate medical attention.
C. Fluid retention is not a known adverse effect of metformin. Other medications, such as certain thiazolidinediones, are associated with this complication.
D. Hyperglycemia is not a typical adverse effect of metformin; instead, it helps manage blood glucose levels in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I will take both aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) and cimetidine (Tagamet HB) at the same time." – This is correct. Taking aluminum hydroxide and cimetidine simultaneously reduces the effectiveness of cimetidine by impairing its absorption. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.
B. "I will take aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) 1 hour before taking cimetidine (Tagamet HB)." – This is incorrect. Taking aluminum hydroxide 1 hour before cimetidine allows enough time for the antacid's effects on stomach acidity to stabilize, reducing interference.
C. "I can take aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) 2 hours before taking cimetidine (Tagamet HB)." – This is incorrect. Taking the antacid 2 hours before cimetidine provides sufficient time for proper absorption of the medication.
D. None of the above – This is incorrect because statement A reflects improper administration.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
A. Long-term use of omeprazole is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures due to decreased calcium absorption caused by reduced stomach acid. This complication is significant in older adults, particularly with prolonged therapy.
B. Torsades de Pointes is not a common complication of omeprazole. QT prolongation is more often linked to medications like ondansetron or antiarrhythmics.
C. Nausea is not a typical complication of omeprazole; rather, it is a symptom the drug may help alleviate as part of managing gastrointestinal conditions.
D. Rebound acid hypersecretion can occur after discontinuation of omeprazole. The body may produce an excessive amount of acid to compensate for the previous suppression, leading to worsening symptoms if the medication is abruptly stopped.
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