A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about isotonic exercises. Which types of exercises will the nurse give as examples?

A) Place the bedside table within the client's reach: This is an important safety measure to help prevent falls. By ensuring that the bedside table is within easy reach, the client will be less likely to try to reach for objects outside their immediate area, reducing the risk of falls from overextending or getting up unnecessarily.

B) Teach balance and strengthening exercises: Teaching balance and strengthening exercises is a key preventative measure for older adults at risk for falls. These exercises help improve muscle strength, coordination, and stability, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of falls.

C) Provide information about home safety checks: Providing information about home safety is essential to prevent falls in older adults. This includes advising the patient on eliminating hazards (like loose rugs, clutter, or inadequate lighting) and ensuring that the home environment is conducive to safety. A home safety check is part of creating a fall-prevention strategy.

D) Administer sedative at bedtime: Administering sedatives to older adults, especially those at risk for falls, can increase the likelihood of confusion, dizziness, or impaired coordination, which can lead to falls. This is not a recommended intervention. Non-pharmacologic methods for improving sleep hygiene should be prioritized over sedative medications when possible.

E) Lock beds and wheelchairs when not providing care: Locking beds and wheelchairs when not in use is a fundamental safety measure to prevent accidental movement of the bed or wheelchair. This action reduces the risk of the patient falling out of bed or from a wheelchair if they try to move or shift positions.

A) Tertiary prevention: Tertiary prevention involves interventions aimed at reducing the long-term effects of a disease or injury, improving quality of life, and preventing further complications. In this case, the patient is receiving rehabilitation services (physical therapy and speech therapy) after a stroke to help restore function, improve mobility, and address communication issues caused by the stroke. This type of care focuses on managing and mitigating the effects of an existing health condition, which aligns with tertiary prevention.

B) Primary prevention: Primary prevention refers to actions taken to prevent the onset of a disease or condition before it occurs, such as immunizations, lifestyle modifications, or education about healthy behaviors. Since the patient has already experienced a stroke, primary prevention is not applicable in this situation.

C) Health promotion: Health promotion involves actions that improve overall health and well-being, such as encouraging healthy lifestyles, providing education, and promoting activities that prevent illness. While health promotion is important, it is not the primary focus in this scenario, as the patient is already dealing with the aftermath of a stroke and is receiving rehabilitation to address the effects of the condition.

D) Secondary prevention: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease or condition. It typically includes screening and diagnostic procedures to identify diseases in their early stages. Since the patient has already experienced a stroke, secondary prevention is not the appropriate level of care here.