A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about isotonic exercises. Which types of exercises will the nurse give as examples?

Quadriceps set exercises and contraction of the gluteal muscles

Swimming, jogging, and bicycling

Tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts

Push-ups, hip lifting, pushing feet against a footboard on the bed

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Quadriceps set exercises and contraction of the gluteal muscles: These exercises are examples of isometric exercises, not isotonic exercises. Isometric exercises involve muscle contraction without movement of the body part, helping to maintain muscle strength and endurance.

B) Swimming, jogging, and bicycling: These are examples of isotonic exercises, where the muscles contract and change length, leading to movement of body parts. Isotonic exercises improve muscle strength, endurance, and cardiovascular fitness. These activities involve repetitive movements that help in improving overall muscle tone and joint flexibility.

C) Tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts: This describes isometric exercises, not isotonic. Isometric exercises involve static muscle contraction, such as holding a position, without any movement of the joints or limbs. These exercises are effective for strengthening specific muscles.

D) Push-ups, hip lifting, pushing feet against a footboard on the bed: While push-ups and hip lifting are isotonic exercises, pushing feet against a footboard on the bed is an example of an isometric exercise, as it involves muscle contraction without movement of the body part. Therefore, this option contains both isometric and isotonic exercises.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Provide support by holding the client’s arm:
While holding the client's arm may seem like a way to prevent the fall, it can actually increase the risk of injury, as the nurse might not be able to support the client’s full weight and could cause additional strain or injury. In the event of a fall, it is safer to focus on guiding the client gently to the floor.

B. Assume a narrow base of support:
Assuming a narrow base of support could make the nurse more vulnerable to losing balance as well. A broader base of support, such as standing with feet shoulder-width apart, provides better stability, but this action does not directly address the client’s fall.

C. Lean the client toward the wall:
Leaning the client toward the wall may be helpful in some situations but does not directly prevent a fall. It may not be safe or feasible depending on the environment, and leaning the client toward a wall might cause further harm if not executed carefully.

D. Lower the client to the floor:
When a client begins to fall, the priority is to prevent injury. The nurse should gently lower the client to the floor while maintaining control, guiding the fall as much as possible to minimize injury. This approach ensures the client is not at risk of further harm and that the nurse can then assess the client for injuries.

A. Focusing on helping patients be disease free B. Providing care that involves the whole person C. Assuring that care is strictly personal in nature D. Directing focus only on the pathological state

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Focusing on helping patients be disease free: The World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health goes beyond the absence of disease. It emphasizes the complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, rather than simply the absence of illness. Focusing solely on being disease-free does not align with this holistic view of health.

B) Providing care that involves the whole person: This is the correct approach in line with the WHO definition of health. WHO defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Therefore, the nurse should focus on addressing all aspects of a person’s health, including emotional, social, and physical needs, to promote overall well-being.

C) Assuring that care is strictly personal in nature: While personal care is important, the WHO definition of health emphasizes a broader, more holistic approach that incorporates physical, mental, and social aspects of health, not just personal care. It’s about treating the whole person in context, including their environment and social relationships.

D) Directing focus only on the pathological state: The WHO definition moves beyond just focusing on the pathological (disease) state and emphasizes wellness in all aspects of life. While addressing medical issues is important, focusing solely on pathology ignores the broader concept of health that includes mental and social well-being.

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A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about isotonic exercises. Which types of exercises will the nurse give as examples?

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