A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?

A. Have the client breathe into a paper bag. Breathing into a paper bag helps retain CO₂, which can correct respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation.

B. Plan to administer insulin to the client. Insulin is used to manage hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.

C. Plan to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client. Sodium bicarbonate is used to treat metabolic acidosis, not respiratory alkalosis.

D. Have the client place their head between their knees. This position is not a standard intervention for respiratory alkalosis or hyperventilation.

A. "I will need to empty my bladder regularly and completely." Regular and complete bladder emptying helps to flush bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. This statement indicates correct understanding and does not need further teaching.

B. "I will need to wipe my perineal area from back to front after urination." Wiping from back to front can introduce bacteria from the rectal area into the urethra, increasing the risk of UTIs. The correct practice is to wipe from front to back. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.

C. "I need to drink 8 cups of liquid each day." Adequate fluid intake helps to dilute urine and flush out bacteria, reducing the risk of UTIs. This statement is correct and does not need further teaching.

D. "I will need to drink apple cider vinegar each day." Although apple cider vinegar is sometimes suggested as a home remedy, there is no strong evidence supporting its use in UTI prevention. However, this statement does not indicate a harmful practice and may not necessarily need further teaching unless it is replacing evidence-based methods. The key incorrect statement is related to wiping technique.