A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of spermicide.
Which of the following is an adverse effect of some spermicides that contain nonoxynol-9 (N-9)?
Vaginal dryness
Increased risk of bacterial vaginosis
Increased risk of HIV transmission
Increased risk of cervical cancer
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C. Increased risk of HIV transmission. According to some sources, spermicide that contains nonoxynol-9 (N-9) can irritate sensitive genital tissues, especially if used several times a day.
This irritation can increase the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections by giving infections an easy pathway into the body.
Choice A is wrong because vaginal dryness is not a common side effect of spermicide.
Choice B is wrong because bacterial vaginosis is not directly linked to spermicide use.
Choice D is wrong because cervical cancer is not caused by spermicide use.
Spermicide is a type of contraceptive that works by stopping sperm from reaching an egg.
It comes in different forms such as gels, creams, foams, films or suppositories. It needs to be inserted into the vagina before sex and used correctly every time for it to be effective.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. It creates a local inflammatory response that impairs implantation.This means that the IUD makes the lining of the uterus less suitable for a fertilized egg to attach to it.
Choice A is wrong because it describes how hormonal IUDs work, not copper IUDs.Hormonal IUDs release hormones that thicken cervical mucus and prevent ovulation.
Choice C is wrong because it describes how tubal ligation works, not IUDs.Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure that blocks or cuts the fallopian tubes, which prevents sperm from reaching an egg.
Choice D is wrong because it implies that all of the above choices are correct, which they are not.
Only choice B is correct for copper IUDs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. Copper intrauterine device.This is because copper intrauterine devices do not contain hormones and are therefore safe for women with a history of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Some possible explanations for the other choices are:
- Choice A. Injectable progestins.This is wrong because injectable progestins may increase the risk of breast cancer in women with the BRCA1 geneand may also worsen hypertension and dyslipidemia.
- Choice B. Contraceptive vaginal ring.This is wrong because contraceptive vaginal rings contain estrogen and progestin, which may increase the risk of thromboembolic events, stroke, and myocardial infarction in women with cardiovascular disease.
- Choice D. Combined oral contraceptives.This is wrong because combined oral contraceptives also contain estrogen and progestin, which have the same risks as contraceptive vaginal rings for women with cardiovascular disease.Additionally, combined oral contraceptives may interact with some medications used to treat chronic conditions and reduce their effectiveness.
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