A nurse is teaching a patient newly diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease about the pathophysiology of the condition. Which of the following explanations best describes the underlying cause of Parkinson's disease?
Inflammation of the motor cortex leads to decreased coordination and balance
Degeneration of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain leads to motor dysfunction
A loss of acetylcholine in the brain leads to memory problems and cognitive decline.
Excess production of dopamine in the basal ganglia leads to tremors and muscle rigidity.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Inflammation of the motor cortex leads to decreased coordination and balance. Parkinson’s disease is not caused by inflammation in the motor cortex; it primarily involves the loss of dopamine-producing neurons.
B. Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain leads to motor dysfunction. Parkinson’s disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
C. A loss of acetylcholine in the brain leads to memory problems and cognitive decline. While a loss of acetylcholine is associated with Alzheimer’s disease, it is not the primary issue in Parkinson’s disease.
D. Excess production of dopamine in the basal ganglia leads to tremors and muscle rigidity. In Parkinson’s disease, there is a decrease, not an excess, in dopamine production, which contributes to motor symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated. Hydration is crucial for clients with sickle cell disease as it helps prevent blood thickening and reduces the risk of sickling crises.
B. Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications. Fruits and vegetables are essential for balanced nutrition and are not contraindicated in sickle cell disease. Limiting them is unnecessary and could lead to nutritional deficiencies.
C. You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better. Antibiotics should always be completed as prescribed to fully treat any infection and prevent resistance, especially in individuals with weakened immune responses.
D. Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain. Clients with sickle cell disease should take pain medications as needed, even for mild pain, to prevent escalation of pain and a sickle cell crisis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, and Ranitidine: Ciprofloxacin and ranitidine are not recommended for H. pylori treatment. Ciprofloxacin is not typically used, and ranitidine is an H2 blocker, not a proton pump inhibitor.
B. Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, and Omeprazole: This combination is a standard triple therapy for H. pylori infection. Amoxicillin and clarithromycin are antibiotics, and omeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) reduces stomach acid to help eradicate the bacteria.
C. Metronidazole, Tetracycline, and Bismuth subsalicylate: This combination is part of quadruple therapy rather than triple therapy. Quadruple therapy is usually reserved for cases resistant to initial treatment.
D. Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, and Famotidine: Erythromycin is not part of standard triple therapy, and famotidine is an H2 blocker, not a proton pump inhibitor.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.