A nurse is teaching a patient to obtain a specimen for fecal occult blood testing using the fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) at home. How does the nurse instruct the patient to collect the specimen?
Get three fecal smears from one bowel-movement.
Collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements,
Obtain one fecal smear from an early morning bowel movement.
Get three fecal smears when you see blood in your bowel movement.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Get three fecal smears from one bowel movement. FIT only requires one sample per bowel movement, but it is best to test multiple separate bowel movements for accuracy.
B. Collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements. FIT testing detects blood proteins using antibodies, and blood presence in stool can be intermittent. Collecting samples from different days increases accuracy.
C. Obtain one fecal smear from an early morning bowel movement. Time of day does not matter, but multiple samples from different bowel movements are preferred.
D. Get three fecal smears when you see blood in your bowel movement. FIT is meant to detect hidden (occult) blood that is not visible.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Cleanse the skin with antibacterial soap and apply talcum powder to the buttock." Antibacterial soap can be too harsh for the skin, and talcum powder is not recommended because it does not provide an effective moisture barrier.
B. "Initiate a bowel or habit training program to promote continence." A scheduled toileting program helps establish a routine and reduce episodes of incontinence.
C. "Use sanitary pads in the patient's underwear." While absorbent products may be used, they do not address the underlying issue or promote continence.
D. "Help the patient go to the toilet once every hour." Frequent toileting may be impractical and unnecessary. Habit training with scheduled bathroom times is more effective.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Intravenous pyelogram: IVP is a specialized X-ray with contrast dye that visualizes the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, helping detect kidney stones, obstructions, or abnormalities. Calcium phosphate crystals suggest nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).
B. Cystoscopy examines the bladder and urethra, but it does not visualize the kidneys or ureters, where stones typically originate.
C. Mid-stream urinalysis alone does not confirm kidney stones, though it may show hematuria, infection, or crystal types.
D. Bladder scan assesses urinary retention or post-void residual volume, not kidney stones.
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