A nurse is teaching a patient to obtain a specimen for fecal occult blood testing using the fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) at home. How does the nurse instruct the patient to collect the specimen?

Get three fecal smears from one bowel-movement.

Collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements,

Obtain one fecal smear from an early morning bowel movement.

Get three fecal smears when you see blood in your bowel movement.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Get three fecal smears from one bowel movement. FIT only requires one sample per bowel movement, but it is best to test multiple separate bowel movements for accuracy.

B. Collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements. FIT testing detects blood proteins using antibodies, and blood presence in stool can be intermittent. Collecting samples from different days increases accuracy.

C. Obtain one fecal smear from an early morning bowel movement. Time of day does not matter, but multiple samples from different bowel movements are preferred.

D. Get three fecal smears when you see blood in your bowel movement. FIT is meant to detect hidden (occult) blood that is not visible.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. RBC 4.9 mm³: Chronic glomerulonephritis often leads to anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production, so a normal RBC count is unexpected.

B. Serum potassium 4.0 mEq/L : Kidney disease often leads to hyperkalemia (K⁺ >5.0 mEq/L) due to impaired potassium excretion.

C. Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/Dl: Chronic kidney disease results in increased creatinine levels (>1.3 mg/dL) due to reduced glomerular filtration.

D. BUN 100 mg/dL: BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is elevated in kidney dysfunction. Normal BUN is 6–20 mg/dL, and a BUN of 100 mg/dL suggests severe renal impairment.

A. Hold the penis at a 30° to 45° angle when inserting the catheter. B. Perform catheterization when you recognize the urge to void. C. Use soap and water to wash the catheter after each use. D. Inflate the balloon when the urine flow stops.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hold the penis at a 30° to 45° angle when inserting the catheter. The penis should be held at a 90° angle to straighten the urethra and facilitate catheter insertion.

B. Perform catheterization when you recognize the urge to void. Clients with BPH may not sense the urge due to urinary retention. Catheterization should be performed at scheduled intervals to prevent bladder overdistention.

C. Use soap and water to wash the catheter after each use. Proper cleaning of the catheter with soap and water helps prevent infection and prolongs the catheter’s usability.

D. Inflate the balloon when the urine flow stops. Self-catheterization uses a straight catheter, which does not have a balloon for inflation (balloons are used in indwelling catheters).

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A nurse is teaching a patient to obtain a specimen for fecal occult blood testing using the fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) at home. How does the nurse instruct the patient to collect the specimen?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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