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A nurse is teaching clients at a senior center about the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following statements by a client indicates the need for further teaching?

"Since my parent suffered from Alzheimer's disease, I know that I am at an increased risk for developing the disease myself."

"The cause of Alzheimer's disease is still not fully known or understood."

"l do not have to worry about this because I do not have Down syndrome and I have never had a stroke."

"My child is at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease because they have trisomy 21."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "Since my parent suffered from Alzheimer's disease, I know that I am at an increased risk for developing the disease myself." This statement is accurate. Family history is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Individuals with a first-degree relative (such as a parent or sibling) with Alzheimer's disease are at a higher risk of developing the condition themselves.

B. "The cause of Alzheimer's disease is still not fully known or understood." This statement is also accurate. While there are theories about the underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease, such as genetics, brain changes, and environmental factors, the exact cause is still not fully understood. Research into the etiology of Alzheimer's disease is ongoing.

C. "I do not have to worry about this because I do not have Down syndrome and I have never had a stroke." This statement indicates a need for further teaching. While it is true that individuals with Down syndrome and those who have had a stroke are at increased risk for developing Alzheimer's disease, they are not the only populations at risk. Alzheimer's disease can affect individuals without Down syndrome or a history of stroke. Other risk factors include age, family history, genetics, and lifestyle factors.

D. "My child is at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease because they have trisomy 21." This statement is accurate. Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Individuals with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21, which contains the gene for amyloid precursor protein (APP). Overproduction of amyloid beta protein, derived from APP, is thought to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with Down syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Lie on your back when sleeping: Lying on the back when sleeping may be recommended initially after cochlear implant surgery to avoid putting pressure on the surgical site. However, this instruction should not be included in the plan of care indefinitely. Once the client is comfortable and the surgical site is healing well, they should be allowed to sleep in any position that is comfortable for them.

B. Lie on your front when sleeping: Lying on the front when sleeping is not typically recommended after cochlear implant surgery, as it may put pressure on the surgical site and disrupt healing. This position could potentially cause discomfort and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, this instruction should not be included in the plan of care.

C. Resume your exercise routine: Resuming the exercise routine immediately after cochlear implant surgery may not be advisable. The client should be instructed to avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for a certain period as advised by the healthcare provider. Engaging in vigorous exercise too soon after surgery could potentially disrupt the healing process and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, this instruction should not be included in the plan of care immediately after surgery.

D. Wash your hair 24 hr after surgery: After cochlear implant insertion, it is important to keep the surgical site clean to prevent infection. Washing the hair 24 hours after surgery helps to maintain cleanliness and hygiene without disrupting the surgical site. It is typically safe to wash the hair after this period as long as gentle care is taken to avoid excessive manipulation of the implant site.

A. Marfan's syndrome B. Hypercarbia C. Falls D. Ventriculostomy

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Marfan's syndrome: Marfan's syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissue in the body, predisposing individuals to various cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular abnormalities. While Marfan's syndrome can present with certain cranial and intracranial manifestations, such as dural ectasia and intracranial aneurysms, it is not typically considered a direct risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI).

B. Hypercarbia: Hypercarbia refers to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. While severe hypercarbia can lead to cerebral vasodilation and potentially exacerbate intracranial pressure in individuals with traumatic brain injury, it is not considered a direct risk factor for TBI itself.

C. Falls: Falls are a significant risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly in older adults and young children. Falls can occur due to various factors such as environmental hazards, impaired mobility, balance issues, or neurological conditions. Falls are a leading cause of TBI-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and fatalities.

D. Ventriculostomy: Ventriculostomy involves the placement of a catheter into the ventricular system of the brain to monitor intracranial pressure (ICP) or drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). While ventriculostomy is a procedure commonly performed in the management of severe traumatic brain injury to monitor and manage intracranial pressure, it is not a risk factor for TBI itself.

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A nurse is teaching clients at a senior center about the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following statements by a client indicates the need for further teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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