A nurse is teaching the caregiver of a client who has advanced Alzheimer's disease about home safety. Which of the following statements by the caregiver indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will notify law enforcement within 2 hours if he cannot be found."
"I will give his most recent photo to the police."
"I will place a sliding bolt lock just above the doorknob."
"I will ensure the bedroom is dark while he is sleeping at night."
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Notifying law enforcement within 2 hours if the person cannot be found is important, but immediate action is usually recommended in such cases. The sooner the authorities are alerted, the better the chances of locating the individual safely.
Choice B reason: Giving the most recent photo to the police is a proactive step in case the person goes missing. It can help law enforcement quickly disseminate the information and aid in the search. However, this is a reactive measure rather than a preventive one.
Choice C reason: Placing a sliding bolt lock just above the doorknob can prevent the individual from wandering, which is a common and dangerous issue in people with advanced Alzheimer's disease. This measure helps ensure the person's safety by preventing unsupervised exits from the home.
Choice D reason: Ensuring the bedroom is dark while the person is sleeping may not be advisable. Adequate night lighting is important for preventing falls if the person needs to get up during the night. A completely dark room can increase the risk of injury.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Napping during the daytime can interfere with nighttime sleep patterns and is generally not recommended for individuals with insomnia. It can create a cycle of fragmented sleep and may exacerbate difficulties in falling and staying asleep at night.
Choice B reason: While avoiding stimulating activities such as reading in the evening can be helpful for some individuals, it is not a universal recommendation. Reading can actually be a relaxing activity for many people and may help them wind down before bedtime.
Choice C reason: Dimming the screen on electronic devices can reduce exposure to blue light, which can interfere with the body's natural sleep-wake cycle. However, it is generally recommended to avoid the use of electronic devices altogether in the bedroom to promote better sleep hygiene.
Choice D reason: Meditation is a relaxation technique that can be beneficial for individuals with PTSD and sleep disturbances. It can help calm the mind, reduce stress, and prepare the body for sleep. Mindfulness meditation, in particular, has been shown to improve sleep quality and is a recommended practice for those experiencing insomnia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: An altered level of consciousness is not typically associated with Alzheimer's disease. Patients with Alzheimer's may experience confusion or disorientation, but changes in consciousness, such as stupor or coma, are not characteristic symptoms of the disease.
Choice B reason: Failure to recognize familiar objects, known as agnosia, is a common finding in Alzheimer's disease. As the disease progresses, the ability to recognize objects, faces, and even sounds can be impaired, which is a direct result of the deterioration of brain areas involved in processing sensory information.
Choice C reason: Excessive motor activity is not a common finding in Alzheimer's disease. While patients may experience restlessness, the disease often leads to a decrease in overall activity levels due to cognitive decline and the eventual difficulty with coordination and motor functions.
Choice D reason: Rapid mood swings can occur in Alzheimer's disease, but they are not as prominent as other cognitive symptoms. Mood changes in Alzheimer's are usually a result of the frustration and confusion experienced by the patient rather than a direct symptom of the disease itself.
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