A nurse is teaching the caregiver of a client who has dementia. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as increasing with the progression of the disorder? (Select All that Apply.)

Hallucinations

Paranoia

Lethargy

Impulsivity

Disregard for caregiver's feelings

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

A. Hallucinations: As dementia progresses, especially in conditions like Alzheimer's disease, sensory perceptions can become distorted, leading to hallucinations, where the person perceives things that are not present.

B. Paranoia: Paranoia, or irrational suspicions and mistrust, often increases as dementia progresses. The person may become increasingly fearful or suspicious of others, even caregivers or family members.

C. Lethargy: While lethargy can be a symptom of dementia, it is more commonly associated with the earlier stages of the disorder when the person may experience apathy, lack of interest, and reduced energy levels. As the disease progresses, other behavioral changes like agitation or restlessness may become more prominent.

D. Impulsivity: Impulsivity, or acting without forethought or consideration of consequences, can increase as dementia progresses, particularly in certain types of dementia like frontotemporal dementia. This can manifest as impulsive behaviors such as excessive spending, inappropriate social behavior, or risky actions.

E. Disregard for caregiver's feelings: As dementia advances, the person's ability to empathize or recognize the feelings and needs of others may decline. They may become increasingly self-focused or unaware of the impact of their actions on caregivers, leading to behaviors that disregard or overlook the caregiver's feelings and well-being.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Lisinopril: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It is not typically contraindicated for cataract extraction surgery, and it does not significantly increase the risk of bleeding.

B. Synthroid: Synthroid is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. It does not have any direct contraindications with cataract extraction surgery and does not significantly increase the risk of bleeding.

C. Clopidogrel: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication commonly used to prevent blood clots in individuals with cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease or recent myocardial infarction. However, it can increase the risk of bleeding, which may be problematic during cataract extraction surgery. Therefore, it is important to question administering clopidogrel prior to the procedure and potentially coordinate with the healthcare provider regarding its management.

D. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production and treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease. It does not have any direct contraindications with cataract extraction surgery and does not significantly increase the risk of bleeding.

A. Severe myopia B. Vertigo C. Anosmia D. Photopsia

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Severe myopia: Severe myopia, or nearsightedness, is not a typical manifestation of Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease primarily affects the inner ear and is characterized by symptoms related to balance and hearing rather than vision.

B. Vertigo: Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo, which is a sensation of spinning or dizziness. Vertigo is a hallmark symptom of Meniere's disease and is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in the affected ear.

C. Anosmia: Anosmia refers to a loss of the sense of smell and is not typically associated with Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease primarily affects the vestibular system (balance) and auditory system (hearing) rather than the sense of smell.

D. Photopsia: Photopsia refers to the perception of flashes of light in the visual field and is not a typical manifestation of Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease primarily affects the inner ear and is not directly related to visual disturbances.

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A nurse is teaching the caregiver of a client who has dementia. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as increasing with the progression of the disorder? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing home medications with a client scheduled for a cataract extraction procedure. Which of the following medications should the nurse question administering?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has Meniere’s disease. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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