A nurse is using Watson’s model to provide care to patients. Which carative factor will the nurse use?

Choice A reason: Normal grief involves sadness and adjustment after loss, typically resolving within months. The nurse’s ongoing distress, sobbing, and poor performance 2 years post-loss suggest persistent, impairing grief, beyond normal expectations. This intensity and duration align with complicated grief, making normal grief incorrect.

Choice B reason: Complicated grief involves intense, prolonged symptoms that impair functioning, like the nurse’s deteriorating work and home life 2 years after spousal loss. Sobbing and feeling “falling apart” indicate unresolved grief, disrupting daily life, making this the correct type, as it reflects significant, ongoing emotional distress.

Choice C reason: Prolonged grief is a specific diagnosis with criteria like yearning or preoccupation persisting beyond 6-12 months. While similar, complicated grief is a broader term encompassing the nurse’s functional impairment and emotional collapse, making it more appropriate for the described severity and impact on work and home.

Choice D reason: Disenfranchised grief occurs when loss is not socially acknowledged, like a pet’s death. Spousal loss is recognized, and the nurse’s distress is overt, not hidden. The symptoms align with complicated grief’s intensity and duration, not disenfranchised grief, making this incorrect.

Choice A reason: Stating most preschoolers sleep soundly all night is inaccurate, as many experience disruptions like nightmares or bedtime resistance due to developmental stages. This oversimplification risks misleading parents, potentially causing frustration when addressing common sleep challenges, and may delay establishing effective bedtime routines critical for healthy sleep patterns.

Choice B reason: Preschoolers often struggle to settle down after busy days due to overstimulation or developmental changes affecting self-regulation. This accurate information helps parents anticipate challenges, encouraging consistent bedtime routines to promote restful sleep. Addressing this supports healthy sleep hygiene, critical for cognitive and emotional development in preschool-aged children.

Choice C reason: Preschoolers typically need 10-11 hours of sleep nightly, but stating exactly 10 hours is imprecise and overlooks individual variation. This risks setting rigid expectations, potentially causing parental concern if sleep needs differ. Accurate guidance focuses on flexible ranges and behavioral factors like settling difficulties for optimal sleep.

Choice D reason: Daily naps are not essential for all 5-year-olds, as many transition out of napping by this age, relying on nighttime sleep. Mandating naps risks disrupting nighttime rest or causing unnecessary parental pressure. Flexible guidance on sleep needs better supports preschoolers’ developmental changes and individual sleep patterns.