A nurse needs to obtain anthropometric measures of an 80-year-old client. Which of the following statements is true regarding this situation?

Muscle atrophy will increase BMI

Height may decrease due to changes in bone density. C. Increased skin elasticity will affect the waist hip ratio.

Increased muscle mass will affect the mid-call circumference measurements.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Muscle atrophy, which typically occurs in older adults, may actually reduce BMI, not increase it, because muscle mass decreases with age.
B.   Height may decrease due to changes in bone density. As people age, bone density decreases, and the vertebrae can compress, leading to a loss in height. This is a common occurrence in older adults.
C.   Increased skin elasticity will affect the waist-hip ratio. Skin elasticity does not directly affect the waistto-hip ratio. The waist-to-hip ratio is more related to fat distribution than to skin elasticity.
D.   Increased muscle mass will affect the mid-arm circumference measurements. Older adults typically experience muscle loss, not an increase in muscle mass, so this statement would not be accurate for an elderly client.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Placing a pillow under the knees helps to relax the abdominal muscles and reduces tension during the abdominal examination.
B. Ensure adequate lighting - While good lighting is necessary for a thorough exam, it doesn't directly enhance muscle relaxation.
C. Expose the chest and abdomen for examination - Exposing the chest and abdomen is necessary for an abdominal exam but does not specifically aid in muscle relaxation.
D. Place the patient on their left side - This position is typically used for certain types of exams or procedures but does not specifically enhance muscle relaxation for an abdominal assessment.

A. Apply pressure to the temporomandibular joint (TM) B. Squeeze the trapezius muscle C. Press hard on the client's sternum D. Gently shake the client's shoulders

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While pressure on the TM joint could stimulate a response, it is not the most appropriate method for provocation of a response in an unconscious or semiconscious client.
B. This action can be used to assess for painful stimuli, but pressing on the sternum is a more effective method for provoking a response in non-responding clients.
C. Applying firm pressure to the sternum, or sternal rub, is an effective technique to stimulate a response from clients who are non-responsive to verbal stimuli.
D. While shaking might be used for awakening a client, it is not as reliable or effective as a sternal rub when assessing neurological response in acute stroke patients.

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A nurse needs to obtain anthropometric measures of an 80-year-old client. Which of the following statements is true regarding this situation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

To enhance muscle relaxation prior to an abdominal examination the nurse would

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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