A nurse prepares to interpret the ABG values of a client diagnosed with an acid-base imbalance. Which values are most important for the nurse to consider? (Select 4 options that apply.)
PH
PaCO2
HCO3
PaO2
blood glucose
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
Rationale:
A. pH indicates the overall acid-base status (acidosis or alkalosis) and is critical in determining the presence of an imbalance.
B. PaCO₂ reflects the respiratory component of acid-base balance and helps assess respiratory acidosis or alkalosis.
C. HCO₃ (bicarbonate) reflects the metabolic component of acid-base balance and is essential for evaluating metabolic acidosis or alkalosis.
D. PaO₂ indicates the oxygenation status of the client, which is important in assessing respiratory function, though not a direct marker of acid-base imbalance.
E. Blood glucose is not part of arterial blood gas analysis and is unrelated to acid-base balance interpretation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Dysrhythmias may occur due to increased CO₂ levels and acid-base imbalance affecting cardiac conduction.
B. Barrel chest is a common physical finding in clients with chronic COPD due to air trapping and lung hyperinflation.
C. Difficulty arousing the client may indicate CO₂ narcosis, a sign of worsening respiratory acidosis.
D. Confusion and disorientation, such as repeatedly asking "Where am I?", are neurological signs of elevated CO₂ levels.
E. Deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations) are typical of metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis from COPD.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Applesauce is naturally low in sodium and is appropriate for a low-sodium diet.
B. Pretzels are typically high in sodium and should be avoided or eaten in moderation.
C. Chicken hotdogs are processed meats that contain high levels of sodium and should be avoided.
D. Lemonade is low in sodium and generally acceptable unless other health concerns are present (e.g., diabetes).
E. Tomato juice often contains added salt and is high in sodium unless specifically labeled as low-sodium.
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