A nurse is collecting data from a client with a suspected diagnosis of gastric ulcer. The client tells the nurse that she takes TUMS frequently throughout the day to control her symptoms. The nurse continues to collect data from the client, understanding that the client is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?

metabolic alkalosis

metabolic acidosis

respiratory acidosis

respiratory alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. TUMS (calcium carbonate) is an alkaline antacid. Excessive use can lead to increased bicarbonate levels in the blood, causing metabolic alkalosis, especially when used to neutralize gastric acid frequently.

B. Metabolic acidosis would be more likely with diarrhea, renal failure, or overuse of acidic substances, not antacids.

C. Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation and CO₂ retention, such as in chronic lung disease, not by taking antacids.

D. Respiratory alkalosis is associated with hyperventilation, anxiety, or high altitude—not relevant to antacid use.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Diabetes insipidus can lead to profound dehydration due to excessive fluid loss. A urine specific gravity of 1.002 indicates very dilute urine, supporting the concern. This child is at immediate risk for hypovolemic shock, so the nurse should assess them first.
B. A pulse oximetry of 95% is within acceptable range for a child with asthma, suggesting no acute distress at this time.
C. Roseola with a fever of 39°C is expected; while monitoring is needed, it's not the highest priority.
D. Pain of 6/10 in sickle cell anemia is concerning and requires attention, but it is not as emergent as potential fluid imbalance in diabetes insipidus.

A. Administering calcium gluconate to counteract magnesium toxicity B. Initiating IV fluid restriction C. Administering potassium chloride to balance electrolytes D. Increasing the dose of magnesium sulfate

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:
A. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium toxicity; it helps reverse the cardiac and neuromuscular effects of hypermagnesemia.
B. IV fluid restriction is not appropriate; often IV fluids are given to promote magnesium excretion.
C. Potassium chloride is not indicated for hypermagnesemia treatment.
D. Increasing magnesium sulfate would worsen hypermagnesemia and is contraindicated.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse on a pediatric unit is receiving a report from an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to visit first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with hypermagnesemia is prescribed calcium gluconate. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an adolescent and notes a calcium level of 11.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Which laboratory data and clinical manifestations cause you to suspect your client may be experiencing acidosis?

In which patient will the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek's sign?

Convert 101*F to Celsius

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypocalcemia. For which of the following signs should the nurse monitor?

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse in an urgent care clinic is caring for a client who reports muscle weakness after taking several over-the-counter diet pills. Which of the following laboratory results should be the nurse's priority?

A nurse prepares to interpret the ABG values of a client diagnosed with an acid-base imbalance. Which values are most important for the nurse to consider? (Select 4 options that apply.)