A patient comes to the emergency department reporting flu-like symptoms. The nurse’s assessment reveals diaphoresis, a runny nose, muscle aches, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. The patient history includes previous drug rehabilitation. What may these symptoms indicate if flu is ruled out as a cause of the symptoms?
LSD/Hallucinogens withdrawal
Opioid withdrawal
Cocaine withdrawal
Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal
The Correct Answer is B
A: LSD or hallucinogen withdrawal typically does not present with severe physical symptoms like diaphoresis, muscle aches, and abdominal cramping. Withdrawal from hallucinogens is more likely to involve psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and perceptual disturbances.
B: Opioid withdrawal is characterized by symptoms such as diaphoresis, runny nose, muscle aches, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. These symptoms are consistent with the body’s response to the absence of opioids, which can cause significant physical discomfort and distress.
C: Cocaine withdrawal primarily involves psychological symptoms such as depression, fatigue, increased appetite, and vivid unpleasant dreams. While some physical symptoms can occur, they are not as pronounced as those seen in opioid withdrawal.
D: Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal can include symptoms like anxiety, tremors, insomnia, and, in severe cases, seizures. However, the symptoms described in the question are more characteristic of opioid withdrawal.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A: This statement requires immediate attention because it indicates a basic need that must be addressed to ensure the patient’s well-being while in restraints.
B: This statement reflects the patient’s justification for their behavior but does not require immediate attention.
C: This statement indicates the patient’s intention to report the use of restraints but does not require immediate attention.
D: This statement reflects the patient’s attempt to negotiate release from restraints but does not indicate an immediate need.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A: Arrhythmia and respiratory distress are severe symptoms that can occur in extreme cases of alcohol withdrawal, particularly in the context of delirium tremens. However, these are not the most common findings in typical alcohol withdrawal.
B: Fatigue and depression are psychological symptoms that can be associated with alcohol withdrawal, but they are not the primary physical symptoms that nurses are trained to monitor during the withdrawal process.
C: Muscle aches and chills can occur during alcohol withdrawal, but they are less specific and not as commonly highlighted as primary symptoms.
D: Nausea and diaphoresis (excessive sweating) are classic symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. These symptoms are part of the autonomic hyperactivity that occurs when the central nervous system becomes overactive due to the sudden absence of alcohol.
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