A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:

Prion.

Fungus.

Protozoa.

Virus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by prions, which are misfolded proteins that can induce normal proteins in the brain to also misfold. These prions are highly resistant to conventional methods of deactivation and pose a significant infection control challenge.

Choice B rationale

Fungi can cause a variety of infections, but they are not responsible for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Fungal infections typically affect the skin, lungs, or systemic organs.

Choice C rationale

Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can cause diseases such as malaria. They are not related to the prions that cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Choice D rationale

Viruses cause a range of diseases, including influenza and HIV, but they are distinct from prions. Prions lack genetic material and reproduce by corrupting normal proteins, which is different from viral replication mechanisms. .

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Requiring the use of a facemask by nursing staff is not sufficient alone as a nursing intervention for a surgical incision and IV line access. Comprehensive infection control measures are needed.

Choice B rationale

Maintaining "clean" technique is important, but "sterile" technique would be more appropriate for wound dressing changes and IV site care to prevent infection.

Choice C rationale

Assessing and documenting skin condition around the incision and IV site at each shift is correct because it helps in early identification of signs of infection, ensuring timely intervention.

Choice D rationale

Limiting visitors to immediate family may help reduce infection exposure, but it does not address the primary nursing intervention for monitoring and caring for the surgical incision and IV site.

A. Gloves. B. Gown. C. Eyewear. D. Mask. E. Mask.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Gloves are often the most contaminated piece of PPE. They should be removed first to prevent contamination of other PPE or areas.

Choice B rationale

The gown should be removed after gloves because it covers the largest surface area and could spread contaminants if removed earlier.

Choice C rationale

Eyewear should be removed before the mask to avoid potential contamination from airborne particles that could remain on the mask.

Choice D rationale

The mask is typically removed last to prevent inhalation of any contaminants that might still be in the air during the removal process.

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A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has a nursing diagnosis of infection, related to inadequate primary defenses, as evidenced by surgical incision and intravenous (IV) line access. An appropriate nursing intervention for this patient is to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse caring for a client who requires isolation has just finished a care procedure. Which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse remove last?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse caring for a client who requires isolation has just finished a care procedure. Which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse remove last?

The nurse is aware that the patient most at risk for a health care-associated infection (HAI) would be the:

A nurse is using personal protective equipment (PPE) before entering the room of a patient with diarrhea and vomiting who is being treated for an intestinal infection. The nurse most likely needs to use which combination of PPE?

The nurse performing a surgical scrub is aware that the average time for the scrub is:

A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction in the small intestine. Clinical manifestations that the nurse would expect include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse encourages the 84-year-old patient who is recovering from a hip replacement to:

A nurse is instructing a nursing student about principles of aseptic technique. The nurse would recognize the need for further instruction if the nursing student states, "I must:

When he is using a needle stick, he should: