A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:

Choice A rationale

Roundworms are common helminth infections but not the most common. They are typically transmitted through contaminated soil and food.

Choice B rationale

Hookworms are another type of helminth infection that can be common but are primarily transmitted through direct contact with contaminated soil.

Choice C rationale

Tapeworms are less common and are usually acquired through the consumption of undercooked meat.

Choice D rationale

Pinworms are the most common helminth infection, especially in children. They are highly contagious and spread through the ingestion of microscopic eggs from contaminated surfaces or fingers.

Choice A rationale

Requesting a Foley catheter for an older adult patient increases the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). Avoiding unnecessary catheterization is a better approach to prevent infections.

Choice B rationale

Offering a urinal every 2 hours may not significantly reduce the risk of urinary infections. While it encourages regular voiding, it does not address the need to keep urine dilute to prevent infections.

Choice C rationale

Encouraging fluid intake helps keep urine dilute, which reduces the risk of urinary tract infections. Adequate hydration flushes out bacteria and helps maintain a healthy urinary system.

Choice D rationale

While apple juice can help acidify urine, it is not the primary strategy for preventing urinary infections. Maintaining overall hydration with water is more effective in keeping the urine dilute and reducing infection risk.