A patient has been placed on a loop diuretic to reduce the fluid that has been accumulating in the lungs.
Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about the medication by the nurse?
“I weigh myself each day before breakfast.”.
“If my shortness of breath returns, I’ll contact my healthcare provider.”.
“I’ll have a banana with my breakfast every morning.”.
“I’ll be sure to take my medication with supper.”.
The Correct Answer is D
Taking a loop diuretic with supper is not advisable because it can cause nocturia, which is the need to urinate frequently at night. This can disrupt sleep and affect quality of life. Loop diuretics should be taken in the morning or early afternoon to avoid this problem.
Choice A is wrong because weighing oneself each day before breakfast is a good way to monitor fluid balance and detect any signs of fluid retention or dehydration. This can help adjust the dose of the loop diuretic as needed.
Choice B is wrong because contacting the healthcare provider if shortness of breath returns is a sensible precaution and indicates awareness of the symptoms of worsening heart failure. Shortness of breath is caused by fluid accumulation in the lungs, which loop diuretics help to prevent or reduce.
Choice C is wrong because having a banana with breakfast every morning is a good source of potassium, which can help prevent hypokalemia, a common side effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium in the urine, which can lead to low blood levels of potassium and cause muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, and increased sensitivity to digoxin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Anticoagulants are medicines that increase the time it takes for blood to clot.They do not dissolve existing clots, but they can stop them from getting bigger or prevent new clots from forming.Anticoagulants work by interfering with different steps of the blood coagulation pathway, which is a complex process that involves many clotting factors.
Choice A is wrong because anticoagulants do not dissolve existing clots.To dissolve clots, you need medicines called thrombolytics or fibrinolytics, which break down the fibrin that holds the clots together.
Choice B is wrong because anticoagulants do not transport platelets.
Platelets are blood cells that help with clotting by sticking together and forming a plug at the site of an injury.Anticoagulants may affect the function of platelets, but they do not move them around.
Choice D is wrong because anticoagulants do not increase blood viscosity.
Viscosity is a measure of how thick and sticky a fluid is.
Anticoagulants are sometimes called blood thinners, but they do not actually change the viscosity of blood.They just make it less likely to clot.
Normal ranges for blood clotting tests vary depending on the type of test and the laboratory that performs it.
Some common tests and their normal ranges are:
• Prothrombin time (PT): 11 to 13.5 seconds
• International normalized ratio (INR): 0.8 to 1.2
• Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT): 25 to 35 seconds
• Anti-factor Xa: 0.3 to 0.7 units/mL
• D-dimer: less than 0.5 mcg/mL
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Simvastatin is a type of drug called a statin, which lowers cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Statins work by reducing the amount of cholesterol made by the liver, and the liver produces more cholesterol at night.Therefore, taking simvastatin in the evening can increase its effectiveness.
Choice A is wrong because changing position slowly when rising from a chair is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have low blood pressure or take medications that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics or beta blockers.
Choice B is wrong because maintaining a steady intake of green leafy vegetables is not specific to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who take anticoagulants, such as warfarin, because green leafy vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect the blood clotting process.
Choice C is wrong because consuming no more than 1 L/day of fluid is not related to simvastatin use.
This advice is usually given to people who have fluid retention or heart failure, because excess fluid can put strain on the heart and lungs.
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