A patient has symptoms that are characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which diagnostic tests are likely to be ordered to aid in the diagnosis of this patient?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Serum albumin and a computed tomography (CT) scan.
CSF proteins and an angiography.
Serum anti-acetylcholine antibodies and x-rays.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
CSF analysis and MRI are crucial in diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS). CSF may show elevated levels of oligoclonal bands, indicative of immune system activity in the central nervous system. MRI can detect lesions or plaques in the brain and spinal cord, which are characteristic of MS.
Choice B rationale
Serum albumin and CT scan are not standard diagnostic tools for MS. Serum albumin is more relevant to liver function and nutritional status, while CT scans are less sensitive than MRIs in detecting MS lesions.
Choice C rationale
CSF proteins and angiography are not standard tests for diagnosing MS. While CSF protein levels might be altered in MS, angiography is used to visualize blood vessels and is not relevant to MS diagnosis.
Choice D rationale
Serum anti-acetylcholine antibodies and x-rays are not used to diagnose MS. Anti-acetylcholine antibodies are related to myasthenia gravis, and x-rays are not useful for visualizing MS lesions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Antihistamines can enhance the sedative effects of cyclobenzaprine, increasing the risk of drowsiness and accidents. Patients should avoid combining these medications.
Choice B rationale
Antiemetics are not contraindicated with cyclobenzaprine, although they should be used cautiously due to potential interactions that can increase sedation.
Choice C rationale
Antibiotics do not generally interact significantly with cyclobenzaprine. There are no specific contraindications against their combined use.
Choice D rationale
Alcohol can significantly increase the sedative effects of cyclobenzaprine, leading to enhanced drowsiness, impaired motor functions, and an increased risk of accidents. Patients should avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Thiazide diuretics do not block the sodium pump. They act primarily on the distal convoluted tubule in the kidneys.
Choice B rationale
Thiazide diuretics block the chloride pump in the distal convoluted tubule, preventing the reabsorption of sodium and chloride, leading to increased urine output and decreased blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
Thiazide diuretics do not block the carbonic anhydrase pump. This action is associated with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Choice D rationale
Thiazide diuretics do not block the potassium pump. They can cause potassium loss as a side effect, but this is not their primary mechanism of action.
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