A student asked the pharmacology instructor to describe the function of a cholinergic agonist.
What would be the instructor’s reply?

Cholinergic agonist decreases the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor sites throughout the body.

Cholinergic agonist decreases the activity of norepinephrine throughout the body.

Cholinergic agonist increases the activity of dopamine receptor sites throughout the brain and spinal cord.

Cholinergic agonist increases the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites throughout the body.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

This choice is incorrect. Cholinergic agonists primarily affect acetylcholine receptors, not GABA receptors. GABA receptors are involved in the inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system and are the target of different drug classes, such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates, which are not related to cholinergic agonists.

Choice B rationale

This choice is incorrect. Cholinergic agonists do not decrease norepinephrine activity. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter involved in the sympathetic nervous system response, which is different from the cholinergic system. Drugs that decrease norepinephrine activity would have a different mechanism of action, such as adrenergic antagonists.

Choice C rationale

This choice is incorrect. The primary action of cholinergic agonists is not to increase dopamine activity. Dopamine is another neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions, including reward and motor control. Cholinergic agonists specifically target acetylcholine receptors, enhancing their activity, which is not related to dopamine receptors.

Choice D rationale

This choice is correct. Cholinergic agonists increase the activity of acetylcholine receptor sites throughout the body. These drugs mimic the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in the parasympathetic nervous system, which regulates functions such as muscle contraction, gland secretion, and heart rate. Enhancing acetylcholine activity helps in conditions like myasthenia gravis and certain types of glaucoma.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

CSF analysis and MRI are crucial in diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS). CSF may show elevated levels of oligoclonal bands, indicative of immune system activity in the central nervous system. MRI can detect lesions or plaques in the brain and spinal cord, which are characteristic of MS.

Choice B rationale

Serum albumin and CT scan are not standard diagnostic tools for MS. Serum albumin is more relevant to liver function and nutritional status, while CT scans are less sensitive than MRIs in detecting MS lesions.

Choice C rationale

CSF proteins and angiography are not standard tests for diagnosing MS. While CSF protein levels might be altered in MS, angiography is used to visualize blood vessels and is not relevant to MS diagnosis.

Choice D rationale

Serum anti-acetylcholine antibodies and x-rays are not used to diagnose MS. Anti-acetylcholine antibodies are related to myasthenia gravis, and x-rays are not useful for visualizing MS lesions.

A. Request an order for a renal function test prior to the administration of this drug. B. Teach the patient about the risk of combining herbal medication with this drug. C. Contact the doctor to discuss another type of antihypertensive medication. D. Administer the medication and monitor the patient’s serum glucose level.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Renal function tests are not specifically required for propranolol administration unless there are existing renal concerns. Propranolol is primarily metabolized by the liver, not the kidneys.

Choice B rationale

While it is important to consider drug interactions, the primary concern with propranolol in this patient is the history of asthma and diabetes, not herbal medication interactions.

Choice C rationale

Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, can exacerbate asthma symptoms and mask hypoglycemia in diabetic patients. Consulting with the doctor to consider a different antihypertensive medication that does not have these risks is a prudent approach.

Choice D rationale

While monitoring serum glucose levels is important, administering propranolol in a patient with a history of asthma and diabetes poses significant risks. An alternative medication should be considered. .

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A student asked the pharmacology instructor to describe the function of a cholinergic agonist.What would be the instructor’s reply?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has symptoms that are characteristic of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which diagnostic tests are likely to be ordered to aid in the diagnosis of this patient?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient who will begin taking propranolol (Inderol) to treat hypertension.The nurse learns that the patients have a history of asthma and diabetes.The nurse will take which action.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A student asked the pharmacology instructor to describe the function of a cholinergic agonist.
What would be the instructor’s reply?