A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary valvular resistance. Which of the following heart failures may result from this condition?
Left heart failure
Low output failure
High output failure
Right heart failure
The Correct Answer is D
Elevated pulmonary valvular resistance refers to a condition where there is increased resistance to blood flow through the pulmonary valve and into the lungs. This can lead to an increase in pressure within the right ventricle of the heart, which can eventually lead to right heart failure.
Right heart failure occurs when the right ventricle of the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, which can result in symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention in the legs and abdomen. Causes of right heart failure include pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary embolism, and other conditions that increase pressure within the pulmonary circulation.
Left heart failure, on the other hand, occurs when the left ventricle of the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, which can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention in the lungs and legs. Causes of left heart failure include coronary artery disease, hypertension, and valvular heart disease.
Low output failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, and can result from a variety of conditions affecting the heart muscle or heart valves. High output failure occurs when the heart is working harder than normal to meet the body's demands, such as in conditions such as hyperthyroidism or severe anemia
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Dyspnea is a term used to describe difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. It is a subjective symptom and can be experienced differently by different people. Common signs and symptoms of dyspnea include feeling short of breath, chest tightness, rapid breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a feeling of suffocation. The work of breathing may be increased, and accessory muscles may be used to help with breathing. Exercise may worsen symptoms of dyspnea in some individuals, while in others, it may improve symptoms.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) are those that can be changed or controlled to reduce the risk of developing CAD. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and obesity. High HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is actually a desirable factor, as it is known as the "good cholesterol" and helps to remove excess cholesterol from the body. Orthostatic hypotension, or a drop in blood pressure upon standing, is not considered a modifiable risk factor for CAD.
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