A patient is newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and is being discharged home today. Their heart rate is controlled at 88 bpm and BP is 121/68. They deny dizziness or fatigue. What medication do we expect this patient will be discharged home with?

Choice B reason: Cirrhosis of the liver is the most likely cause of portal hypertension. Cirrhosis leads to scarring and fibrosis of the liver tissue, which obstructs blood flow through the liver and increases pressure in the portal vein, resulting in portal hypertension.
Choice A reason: Left ventricular failure is not a common cause of portal hypertension. It primarily affects the heart and can lead to pulmonary congestion and systemic edema, but not portal hypertension.
Choice C reason: Thrombosis in the spleen can contribute to portal hypertension, but it is not the most common cause. Cirrhosis of the liver is a more prevalent and significant cause of this condition.
Choice D reason: Renal stenosis affects the blood vessels supplying the kidneys and is not related to portal hypertension. It can lead to hypertension, but not specifically portal hypertension.

Choice A reason:
As mentioned earlier, infusion reactions are common with Amphotericin B, including symptoms like fever and chills. Therefore, recognizing that these reactions occur is correct and indicates a proper understanding of the medication's effects.
Choice B reason:
Rapid administration of Amphotericin B is incorrect because it increases the risk of severe side effects. The infusion should be slow to ensure patient safety, indicating that the student needs further teaching on this point. Thus, this choice is incorrect and suggests a misunderstanding.
Choice C reason:
Frequent rotation of the IV site or the use of a central line is standard practice to minimize the risk of phlebitis. This practice is correct and shows that the student understands how to manage the complications associated with Amphotericin B infusion.
Choice D reason:
Amphotericin B's primary use is to treat systemic fungal infections. This is a correct statement, reflecting an accurate understanding of the drug's purpose and does not require further teaching.