A patient presents to his healthcare provider with complaints of severe epigastric pain. His lab work reveals high amylase and lipase levels.

His diagnosis is most likely which condition?

Acute pancreatitis.

Acute hematochezia.

Left heart failure.

Chronic hepatic failure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by severe epigastric pain and elevated levels of amylase and lipase. These enzymes are released into the bloodstream when the pancreas is inflamed, making acute pancreatitis the most likely diagnosis.
Choice B rationale
Acute hematochezia refers to the passage of fresh blood through the anus, usually in or with stools. It is not associated with elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.
Choice C rationale
Left heart failure can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath and fluid retention, but it does not typically cause elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.
Choice D rationale
Chronic hepatic failure involves long-term liver damage and may present with jaundice, ascites, and other symptoms. It is not associated with elevated amylase and lipase levels or severe epigastric pain.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Hypocortisolism, also known as Addison’s disease, is characterized by insufficient production of cortisol by the adrenal glands. It does not typically cause goiter, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland due to various causes such as iodine deficiency, autoimmune diseases, or nodules.
Choice B rationale
Hyperinsulinemia refers to an excess level of insulin in the blood, often associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. It is not related to the development of goiter.
Choice C rationale
Iodide deficiency is a common cause of goiter. The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce thyroid hormones. When there is a deficiency, the gland enlarges in an attempt to capture more iodine from the bloodstream.
Choice D rationale
Azotemia is an elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels, typically due to kidney dysfunction. It is not associated with the development of goiter.

A. Poor blood glucose control. B. Inadequate protein intake. C. Peripheral neuropathy. D. All of the above.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Poor blood glucose control is a significant factor in delayed wound healing in patients with diabetes. Hyperglycemia impairs various aspects of the immune response, reduces blood flow, and increases the risk of infection, all of which contribute to delayed healing.
Choice B rationale
Inadequate protein intake can also contribute to delayed wound healing. Protein is essential for the repair and regeneration of tissues, and a deficiency can impair the body’s ability to heal wounds effectively.
Choice C rationale
Peripheral neuropathy, a common complication of diabetes, can lead to decreased sensation in the feet, making it more likely for injuries to go unnoticed and untreated. This can result in chronic wounds and delayed healing.
Choice D rationale
All of the above factors—poor blood glucose control, inadequate protein intake, and peripheral neuropathy—can contribute to delayed healing of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Each of these factors plays a role in the complex process of wound healing and can hinder the body’s ability to repair itself.

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A patient presents to his healthcare provider with complaints of severe epigastric pain. His lab work reveals high amylase and lipase levels. His diagnosis is most likely which condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A goiter is often associated with:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with diabetes mellitus presents with a foot ulcer that is not healing. Which of the following factors could be contributing to the delayed healing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings is most concerning?

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A nurse is caring for a client with a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F) who presents with a stiff neck and photophobia. Which condition should the nurse suspect?

A patient presents to his healthcare provider with complaints of severe epigastric pain. His lab work reveals high amylase and lipase levels.

His diagnosis is most likely which condition?