A patient presents to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

During the history and physical, it is discovered that the patient’s significant other is recovering from COVID-19. After obtaining a nasal swab to test the patient for COVID-19, what is the most important action for the nurse to take?

Start an intravenous infusion for antiviral drug to be administered for positive COVID-19 test results.

Move the patient to a private room, keep the door closed, and initiate droplet precautions.

Notify the charge nurse that the patient will need assignment to the COVID-19 specified area of the facility.

Explain to the patient to inform others that they may have been potentially exposed in the last 14 days.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Starting an intravenous infusion for antiviral drug administration is premature at this stage. The patient’s COVID-19 test results are not yet available, and antiviral drugs should not be administered without a confirmed positive test.
Choice B rationale
Moving the patient to a private room, keeping the door closed, and initiating droplet precautions is the most important action. Given the patient’s symptoms and the significant other’s COVID-19 status, these measures will help prevent potential spread of the virus.
Choice C rationale
Notifying the charge nurse for assignment to the COVID-19 specified area of the facility is important, but it is not the immediate priority. The first step should be to initiate droplet precautions to minimize the risk of transmission.
Choice D rationale
While it is important to inform the patient about potential exposure, the immediate priority is to prevent the spread of the virus within the healthcare facility.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While it’s important to keep the feet moisturized to prevent skin cracks, this statement does not indicate that the client understands how to prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus.
Choice B rationale
Using salt, herbs, and spices to enhance the flavor of foods can be a part of a healthy diet, which is crucial in managing diabetes. This statement indicates that the client understands the importance of dietary management in preventing complications related to diabetes mellitus.
Choice C rationale
While moderate alcohol consumption may be acceptable for some people with diabetes, it’s not a key factor in preventing complications related to diabetes mellitus.
Choice D rationale
While regular monitoring of blood glucose control through tests like the A1C is important, this statement alone does not indicate that the client understands how to prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus.

A. Eat a diet that is high in protein and vitamins A and C. B. Maintain bed rest as much as possible. C. Keep legs elevated when sitting or lying down. D. Inspect ankles daily for areas of darkening skin. E. Apply intermittent cold compresses four times daily.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Eating a diet that is high in protein and vitamins A and C is beneficial for wound healing. Protein is essential for tissue repair, while vitamins A and C play a crucial role in collagen synthesis, which is vital for wound healing.
Choice B rationale
Maintaining bed rest as much as possible is not the best advice for a patient with venous leg ulcers. Mobility improves blood circulation, which can aid in the healing of the ulcers.
Choice C rationale
Keeping legs elevated when sitting or lying down can help reduce swelling and improve blood flow, which can promote healing of the ulcers.
Choice D rationale
Inspecting ankles daily for areas of darkening skin is important as it can help in early detection of any potential complications or worsening of the condition.
Choice E rationale
Applying intermittent cold compresses four times daily is not typically recommended for venous leg ulcers. The standard treatment involves cleaning and dressing the wound, using compression therapy, and in some cases, taking prescribed medications.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is educating a client, who was admitted with a blood glucose level of 580 mg/dL, on how to prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates they have understood the information?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult patient hospitalized for treatment of venous leg ulcers. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The healthcare provider prescribes diagnostic tests for a patient whose chest x-ray indicates pneumonia. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient for?

A young adult client with osteoarthritis of both knees expresses the desire to continue daily walks in the park with friends. How should the nurse respond?

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic pancreatitis who reports persistent gnawing abdominal pain. What assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain to help manage the patient’s pain?

A nurse is educating a patient with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy. What advice should the nurse give?

Which action should the nurse implement to reduce the risk of vesicant extravasation in the client who is receiving intravenous chemotherapy?

A nurse is assessing a client who has an arteriovenous (AV) graft in the right forearm for hemodialysis access. The nurse auscultates a bruit over the graft area. Which intervention should the nurse implement?