With which term will the nurse document the finding after noting multiple 1-mm red macules when assessing the skin of a patient with leukemia and thrombocytopenia?
Purpura.
Bruising.
Petechiae.
Ecchymosis.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Purpura refers to purple or red discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin. It is larger than petechiae and ecchymosis and could be a sign of a more serious underlying condition. Petechiae are small, red or purple dots that appear on the skin due to minor bleeding from broken capillaries. In the context of leukemia and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), petechiae are common due to impaired clotting mechanisms.
Choice B rationale:
Bruising occurs due to damage to blood vessels underneath the skin, resulting in the leakage of blood into the surrounding tissues. Bruises are typically larger than petechiae and can occur with various conditions, including trauma. In this case, the small 1-mm red macules are more indicative of petechiae.
Choice D rationale:
Ecchymosis refers to a larger area of subcutaneous bleeding or bruising. It is larger than both petechiae and purpura and often results from more significant trauma or bleeding disorders. The description of multiple 1-mm red macules is characteristic of petechiae rather than ecchymosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Skeletal pain is not a typical finding in stage I Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma typically presents with painless enlarged lymph nodes, which is a hallmark symptom of the disease.
Choice B rationale:
Enlarged lymph nodes are a characteristic feature of Hodgkin lymphoma. In stage I, the disease is localized to one group of lymph nodes.
Choice C rationale:
T-cell blasts in the lymph node are not specific to Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are large abnormal B cells, not T-cell blasts.
Choice D rationale:
Lymphoblasts in the cerebrospinal fluid are not associated with Hodgkin lymphoma. Involvement of the central nervous system is rare in Hodgkin lymphoma and typically does not lead to the presence of lymphoblasts in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
While pregnancy can contribute to increased blood pressure, it is not the priority question in this scenario. The sudden rise in blood pressure could indicate a hypertensive crisis, which needs immediate attention.
Choice B rationale:
Urination is not directly related to sudden rises in blood pressure. While urinary issues could be a sign of certain conditions, they are not the priority when dealing with a hypertensive emergency.
Choice C rationale:
A sudden rise in blood pressure can lead to symptoms such as headache and confusion, which could indicate a hypertensive crisis. This question is crucial to assess neurological symptoms, which can be indicative of target organ damage due to hypertension.
Choice D rationale:
Antiseizure medications are not directly related to sudden increases in blood pressure. Neurological symptoms (like those in choice C) are more indicative of a hypertensive crisis and require immediate attention.
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