A patient reports that they had been using oxycodone recreationally, last use was about a day ago. The patient is concerned they are experiencing withdrawal. What would the nurse expect to observe in opioid withdrawal?

Pain, muscle spasms, diaphoresis, nausea, and vomiting

Slurred speech, sedation, hyporeflexia, disorientation

Hypertension, tachycardia, mental alertness, euphoria

Paranoid delusions, synesthesia, rhinorrhea, and lacrimation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A: These symptoms are typical of opioid withdrawal. Pain, muscle spasms, diaphoresis (sweating), nausea, and vomiting are common as the body reacts to the absence of the drug.

B: Slurred speech, sedation, hyporeflexia (reduced reflexes), and disorientation are more indicative of opioid intoxication rather than withdrawal.

C: Hypertension and tachycardia can occur during withdrawal, but mental alertness and euphoria are not typical. Euphoria is associated with opioid use, not withdrawal.

D: Paranoid delusions and synesthesia are not typical of opioid withdrawal. Rhinorrhea (runny nose) and lacrimation (tearing) are common, but the other symptoms listed do not align with opioid withdrawal.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

A: Speaking loudly can escalate the patient’s agitation and is not recommended. A calm and soothing tone is more effective.

B: Ensuring adequate space between the nurse and the patient helps maintain safety and reduces the risk of physical harm.

C: Approaching the patient in a calm manner helps de-escalate the situation and provides reassurance to the patient.

D: Locking the patient in their room can increase their agitation and feelings of isolation. It should only be considered if the patient poses an immediate threat to themselves or others and other de-escalation techniques have failed.

E: Providing a detailed explanation of unit policies is not appropriate in the moment of crisis. The focus should be on immediate de-escalation and ensuring safety.

A. Echopraxia B. Flat affect C. Somatic delusions D. Waxy flexibility

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A: Echopraxia, the involuntary imitation of another person’s movements, is considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia, reflecting an excess or distortion of normal functions.

B: Flat affect, characterized by a lack of emotional expression, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms involve a decrease or loss of normal functions, such as emotional expression, motivation, and social engagement.

C: Somatic delusions, which involve false beliefs about bodily functions or sensations, are positive symptoms of schizophrenia. They represent distortions of reality and are not classified as negative symptoms.

D: Waxy flexibility, where a person maintains a position after being placed in it by someone else, is a catatonic symptom and is not specifically categorized as a negative symptom. It is more related to motor behavior abnormalities.

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A patient reports that they had been using oxycodone recreationally, last use was about a day ago. The patient is concerned they are experiencing withdrawal. What would the nurse expect to observe in opioid withdrawal?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who is experiencing auditory hallucinations has become increasingly agitated throughout the day. The patient suddenly kicks over an empty trash can and shouts “I WILL KILL YOU ALL!” at the wall. In response, the nurse should (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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