A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest.
Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

Silent ischemia.

Angina decubitus.

Prinzmetal angina.

Chronic stable angina.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Silent ischemia refers to a lack of oxygen to the heart that doesn't cause symptoms like chest pain. It is often diagnosed during an electrocardiogram (ECG) done for other reasons. The patient in this scenario is experiencing chest pain, so silent ischemia is not the correct choice.

Choice B rationale:

Angina decubitus refers to chest pain that occurs while lying down and is relieved by standing or sitting. The patient in this scenario is experiencing chest pain at rest, which is not characteristic of angina decubitus.

Choice D rationale:

Chronic stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. The patient in this scenario is experiencing chest pain at rest, which is not characteristic of chronic stable angina.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Eliminating excess H+ ions (hydrogen ions) is a primary mechanism the kidneys use to buffer acidosis. In acidosis, there is an excess of hydrogen ions in the body, leading to a decrease in pH. The kidneys help regulate the body's pH by excreting hydrogen ions to lower acidity.

Choice B rationale:

Excreting excess water is not a specific acid-base mechanism related to acidosis. While maintaining proper hydration is important for overall health, it does not directly influence the body's acid-base balance in the context of acidosis.

Choice C rationale:

Eliminating excess CO2 is primarily a respiratory mechanism, not a kidney function. CO2 elimination is more related to the lungs' ability to regulate the body's pH by adjusting respiratory rate and depth.

Choice D rationale:

Reabsorbing additional HCO3- ions (bicarbonate ions) is a renal mechanism to buffer acidosis. Bicarbonate ions act as a base and can neutralize excess hydrogen ions, raising the pH of the body fluids.

Choice E rationale:

Reabsorbing additional sodium ions is not a specific acid-base mechanism related to acidosis. While sodium ions are important for various physiological processes, they do not play a direct role in buffering acidosis.

A. Increased cobalamin levels. B. Decreased histamine levels. C. Increased hemoglobin levels. D. Increased red blood cell levels.

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Increased cobalamin levels are not indicative of polycythemia vera. Polycythemia vera is characterized by an increase in the total red blood cell mass. Elevated cobalamin levels are not specific to this condition.
Choice B rationale:
Decreased histamine levels are not a diagnostic marker for polycythemia vera. Histamine levels are not typically associated with this disorder.
Choice C rationale:
Increased hemoglobin levels are a significant finding in polycythemia vera. Polycythemia vera is a disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells, leading to elevated hemoglobin levels.
Choice D rationale:
Increased red blood cell levels are a hallmark feature of polycythemia vera. The increased production of red blood cells leads to elevated red blood cell levels, which is a key diagnostic indicator for this condition.

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A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest.Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which acid-base mechanism would the kidney use to buffer a patient's acidosis (serum pH <7.35)? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

The nurse suspects that a patient has polycythemia vera based on which finding in the patient's laboratory reports? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

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A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest.
Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?