A patient with a history of COPD Is being monitored for potential complications. Which of the following findings should the nurse report immediately as it may indicate the development of a complication?
Mild wheezing
Fatigue and general malaise
Increased sputum production
Sudden onset chest pain and dyspnea
The Correct Answer is D
A. Mild wheezing: Mild wheezing can be a common symptom in COPD and does not immediately indicate a severe complication unless it worsens suddenly.
B. Fatigue and general malaise: Fatigue and malaise are often chronic in COPD and do not necessarily indicate an acute complication.
C. Increased sputum production: While increased sputum could suggest an infection, it is not the most urgent sign of a severe complication.
D. Sudden onset chest pain and dyspnea: Sudden chest pain and dyspnea are concerning for a pneumothorax or pulmonary embolism, both of which are potential complications in COPD and require immediate attention.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed. Gallstones are not caused by viral infections; they typically develop from an imbalance in the substances that make up bile, such as cholesterol and bilirubin.
B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones. Cholesterol is a common component of gallstones, and these stones can cause inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), leading to the need for removal.
C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working. Tumors can obstruct the gallbladder, but this is not the cause of gallstones or the primary reason for a cholecystectomy.
D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct. This describes choledocholithiasis, a condition where gallstones block the common bile duct, but it is not the primary cause of gallbladder inflammation requiring a cholecystectomy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Asthma: Asthma is a respiratory condition and is not a common complication associated with diabetes.
B. Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a bone disease more commonly associated with hormonal changes, aging, or steroid use, not directly linked to diabetes.
C. Liver cirrhosis: Liver cirrhosis is usually caused by alcohol use, hepatitis, or other liver diseases, not directly due to diabetes.
D. Cardiovascular disease: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its association with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
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