A patient with a history of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse is providing education on health prevention measures to manage GERD symptoms. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the nurse's teaching?

I should eat large meals to reduce the frequency of acid reflux.

I should drink peppermint tea after meals to help with digestion.

I should lie down immediately after eating to prevent heartburn.

I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. I should eat large meals to reduce the frequency of acid reflux: Large meals can worsen GERD by increasing stomach pressure and acid production, leading to reflux. Small, frequent meals are recommended instead.

B. I should drink peppermint tea after meals to help with digestion: While peppermint may help with general digestion, it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), making GERD worse by allowing acid to reflux into the esophagus.

C. I should lie down immediately after eating to prevent heartburn: Lying down after meals increases the likelihood of acid reflux due to gravity, especially if the stomach is full, and should be avoided.

D. I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime. Avoiding meals 2-3 hours before bedtime helps reduce acid reflux by preventing the stomach from being full and producing excess acid when lying down.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Low back pain: While this can be a symptom of a UTI, it is not unique to older adults and can be seen in various age groups.

B. Confusion: In older adults, UTIs often present with atypical symptoms, such as confusion or delirium, rather than the classic symptoms like dysuria or frequency. This can be a sign of infection in this population.

C. Urinary retention: This is not specific to UTIs in older adults and can occur for other reasons, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

D. Incontinence: Although older adults may experience incontinence, it is not a unique sign of UTI and could be related to other conditions like weakened pelvic muscles.

A. Provide emotional support. B. Review stress factors that can cause disease exacerbation. C. Promote physical mobility. D. Evaluate fluid and electrolyte levels.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Provide emotional support: While emotional support is important, addressing physical health issues like fluid and electrolyte balance takes priority during an acute exacerbation.

B. Review stress factors that can cause disease exacerbation: This is important for long-term management but is not the immediate priority during an acute exacerbation.

C. Promote physical mobility: Physical mobility may be limited due to pain or weakness, but it is not the primary concern during an exacerbation.

D. Evaluate fluid and electrolyte levels. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are common during an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis due to diarrhea and bleeding, making it the top priority to assess and manage to prevent complications such as dehydration or hypovolemia.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following actions is the priority?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is providing dietary teaching to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the dietary recommendations?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about renal transplant with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having a contraindication for this procedure?

A nurse is caring for a client admitted for renal calculus. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse associate with renal calculi? (Select All that Apply.)

During the process of collecting a comprehensive medical history from a client who has been admitted with pyelonephritis, which of the following symptoms or historical details would the nurse most likely expect the client to report?

Which of the following client statements demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the dietary and lifestyle modifications necessary for managing symptoms associated with a hiatal hernia? (Select all that apply.)