A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed torsemide. Which dietary modification should the nurse recommend?
Include foods rich in potassium in the diet.
Increase calcium-rich foods.
Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day.
Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet.
The Correct Answer is A
(A) Include foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide is a loop diuretic, which increases potassium excretion and may cause hypokalemia, requiring potassium supplementation.
(B) Increase calcium-rich foods: Torsemide primarily affects potassium, not calcium.
(C) Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day: Fluid restrictions may be necessary in severe heart failure, but 500 mL/day is too restrictive unless specifically indicated.
(D) Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide causes potassium loss, not retention, so restricting potassium would worsen hypokalemia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Hypertonic Fluids: Would worsen hypernatremia by increasing sodium levels.
(B) Isotonic Fluids: These help with volume depletion but do not effectively reduce sodium levels.
(C) Colloid Infusions: Used for hypovolemia but do not correct sodium imbalances.
(D) Hypotonic Fluids: A sodium level of 155 mEq/L (hypernatremia) indicates dehydration, and hypotonic fluids (e.g., 0.45% NaCl) help shift water into cells and lower sodium levels.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Lethargy: More common in hypercalcemia.
(B) Hypertension: Hypocalcemia is more likely to cause hypotension due to reduced contractility.
(C) Bone Pain: More common in hypercalcemia due to bone resorption.
(D) Positive Chvostek’s Sign: Facial twitching when tapping the facial nerve is a classic sign of hypocalcemia.
(E) Constipation: Hypocalcemia is associated with diarrhea, not constipation.
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