The nurse is teaching a patient with chronic kidney disease about dietary restrictions. Which food should be avoided?
Apples
Bananas
Green Beans
White Bread
The Correct Answer is B
(A) Apples: Low in potassium, safe for CKD patients.
(B) Bananas: CKD patients should avoid high-potassium foods, as the kidneys cannot efficiently excrete potassium, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia.
(C) Green Beans: Low in potassium, kidney-friendly.
(D) White Bread: Preferred over whole grains because it has lower phosphorus content.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Include foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide is a loop diuretic, which increases potassium excretion and may cause hypokalemia, requiring potassium supplementation.
(B) Increase calcium-rich foods: Torsemide primarily affects potassium, not calcium.
(C) Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day: Fluid restrictions may be necessary in severe heart failure, but 500 mL/day is too restrictive unless specifically indicated.
(D) Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide causes potassium loss, not retention, so restricting potassium would worsen hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Promote diuresis and reduce ascites: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in cirrhosis to help manage fluid retention and ascites caused by portal hypertension.
(B) Prevent worsening liver damage: Spironolactone does not directly protect the liver.
(C) Reduce blood pressure: Though it can lower BP, this is not its primary use in cirrhosis.
(D) Increase urine output without affecting potassium levels: It spares potassium, but monitoring is still needed to prevent hyperkalemia.
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