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Match the following conditions to the associated primary electrolyte imbalance:

A.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

B.

Addison's Disease

C.

Hypoparathyroidism

D.

Diabetes Insipidus

E.

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"D"},"D":{"answers":"E"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) → Hyponatremia

Excess ADH leads to water retention, diluting sodium levels.

Addison’s Disease → Hyperkalemia

Adrenal insufficiency leads to decreased aldosterone, causing potassium retention.

Hypoparathyroidism → Hypocalcemia

Lack of parathyroid hormone reduces calcium levels.

Diabetes Insipidus → Hypernatremia

Excessive water loss leads to sodium concentration increase.

Hyperparathyroidism → Hypercalcemia

Excess parathyroid hormone increases calcium release from bones.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

(A) "It increases my urine output." ADH reduces urine output by increasing water retention.

(B) "It reduces the reabsorption of sodium in my kidneys." ADH affects water reabsorption, not sodium regulation.

(C) "It decreases water reabsorption in my kidneys." ADH increases, not decreases, water reabsorption.

(D) "It helps retain water to maintain my blood pressure." ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and increasing blood volume, which helps maintain blood pressure.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

(A) Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic used for hypertension, not ICP.

(B) Spironolactone: A potassium-sparing diuretic used for heart failure, not ICP.

(C) Furosemide: A loop diuretic that reduces fluid overload but is not the first choice for ICP management.

(D) Mannitol: An osmotic diuretic that reduces brain swelling by drawing fluid out of the brain and into the bloodstream.

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