A patient with cirrhosis is prescribed spironolactone. What is the primary reason for this medication?
Promote diuresis and reduce ascites
Prevent worsening liver damage
Reduce blood pressure
Increase urine output without affecting potassium levels
The Correct Answer is A
(A) Promote diuresis and reduce ascites: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in cirrhosis to help manage fluid retention and ascites caused by portal hypertension.
(B) Prevent worsening liver damage: Spironolactone does not directly protect the liver.
(C) Reduce blood pressure: Though it can lower BP, this is not its primary use in cirrhosis.
(D) Increase urine output without affecting potassium levels: It spares potassium, but monitoring is still needed to prevent hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Fathers can pass the disorder to their sons: Incorrect because fathers pass the Y chromosome to sons, not the X.
(B) Carrier females rarely show symptoms: While carrier females often do not show symptoms due to having one unaffected X chromosome, it is not a defining feature.
(C) Equal male and female prevalence: Incorrect because X-linked recessive disorders affect males more frequently, as they only have one X chromosome.
(D) All daughters of affected males are carriers: Since males have only one X chromosome, they pass their X chromosome to all daughters, making them carriers.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"C"}}
Explanation
|
Prerenal |
Intrarenal |
Postrenal |
|
Severe Dehydration Sepsis CHF (Congestive Heart Failure) |
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity) |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones) |
Severe Dehydration: Prerenal
Decreased blood flow to the kidneys due to low volume.
Sepsis: Prerenal
Hypotension from systemic infection reduces kidney perfusion.
CHF (Congestive Heart Failure): Prerenal
Reduced cardiac output leads to inadequate renal perfusion.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Postrenal
Urinary outflow obstruction causes back pressure on the kidneys
Renal Calculi (Kidney Stones): Postrenal
Blockage in the urinary tract prevents urine excretion, leading to kidney damage.
Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN): Intrarenal
Direct injury to kidney tubules due to ischemia or toxins.
Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside antibiotic toxicity): Intrarenal
Causes nephrotoxicity, damaging renal tubules directly.
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